[ha] (prt) (1) (pronounced わ in modern Japanese) topic marker particle; (2) indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); (3) adds emphasis; (P) #4
[masu] (aux-v) (1) (pol) (See ませ) used to indicate respect for the listener (or reader); (2) (arch) (hum) used to indicate respect for those affected by the action #19
[りよう, riyou] (n, vs) use; utilization; utilisation; application; (P) #20
[na] (prt) (1) (sentence end, mainly masc.) indicates emotion or emphasis; (2) (abbr) (from なさい) (used with masu stem verb) command; (3) (used with dictionary form verb) prohibition; (P) #24
[nai] (aux-adj) (1) not (verb-negating suffix; may indicate question or invitation with rising intonation); (suf, adj-i) (2) (See 忙しない) emphatic suffix (used after the root of an adjective); (P) #27
[ya] (prt) (1) such things as (non-exhaustive list related to a specific time and place); and ... and; (2) (See や否や) (after the dictionary form of a verb) the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; (int) (3) punctuational exclamation in haiku, renga, etc.; (aux) (4) (ksb #31
[reru ; rareru] (aux-v, v1) (1) (れる for 五段 verbs, られる for 一段. Follows the imperfective form of (v5) and (vs) verbs) (See 未然形, 迷惑の受身・めいわくのうけみ) indicates passive voice (inc. the "suffering passive"); (2) (no imperative form. Infrequently used in modern Japanese, e.g. 歩ける is favoured over 歩かれる) (See ら抜き言葉・らぬきことば) indicates the potential form; (3) (no imperative form) indicates spontaneous occurrence; (4) (hon) (no imperative form) used as an honorific for others' actions #41
[いらい, irai] (n, vs) (1) request; commission; dispatch; despatch; (2) dependence; trust; (P) #52
[とうこう, toukou] (n, vs) contribution; submission; posting (e.g. to a newsgroup or mailing list); (P) #66
[naru] (suf, adj-f) (1) (arch) (See 也・なり・2) that is in; (2) who is called; that is called; (3) that is #70
[no-to] (n, vs) (1) (abbr) (See ノートブック) notebook; copy-book; exercise book; (2) note; (n) (3) notebook PC; (P) #73
[ごう, gou] (n, n-suf) (1) number; edition; make; model; issue; part of that group; (2) sobriquet; pen-name; (P) #74
[san] (suf) (1) Mr, Mrs, Miss or Ms; (2) honorific used with occupational titles; (P) #77
[なか, naka] (suf) (1) (See 並・1) medium; average; middle; (2) moderation; (3) (abbr) (See 中一, 中学校) middle school; (4) (abbr) (See 中国・1) China; (n-suf) (5) (See 中・じゅう・2) in; out of (e.g. three out of ten people); (6) (See 話し中) during (a certain time when one did or is doing something); under (construction, etc.); while; (P) #80
[node (P); nde] (prt) that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ....; given that...; (P) #81
[ほん, hon] (n) (1) (See ご本・ごほん) book; volume; (pref) (2) main; head; this; our; present; real; (ctr) (3) counter for long cylindrical things; counter for films, TV shows, etc.; counter for goals, home runs, etc.; (P) #88
[んち, nchi] (suf) (See 政治家) -ist (used after a noun indicating someone's occupation, pursuits, disposition, etc.); -er #90
[o] (int) oh! (expression of slight surprise) #94
[かい, kai] (n) (arch) gathering (esp. Buddhist, festive, etc.) #98
[べ, be] (n, n-suf) (1) (higher than a 課) department (in an organization); division; bureau; (2) club; (3) part; component; element; (4) category; (ctr) (5) counter for copies of a newspaper or magazine; (P) #104
[く, ku] (n) ward; district; section; (P) #108
[ぎろん, giron] (n, vs) argument; discussion; dispute; controversy; (P) #122
[しよう, shiyou] (n, vs) use; application; employment; utilization; utilisation; (P) #123
[terebi] (n) (abbr) (See テレビジョン) television; TV; (P) #127
[せん, sen] (n, n-suf) (1) line; stripe; stria; (2) line (e.g. telephone line); wire; (3) (See X線) ray (e.g. X-ray); beam; (4) line (e.g. of a railroad); track; route; lane; (5) outline; contours; form; (6) level; (7) division; (8) (See いい線) line (of action); position; approach; policy; principle; (9) (See 線が太い, 線が細い) impression one leaves; air one gives off; (P) #134
[ぐん(P);こおり, gun (P); koori] (n) (1) (ぐん only) district; county; (2) (See 国郡里制) district (of 2-20 50-home neighbourhoods or townships, in the ritsuryo period); (P) #135
[nara (P); naraba (P)] (aux) (1) (hypothetical form of the copula だ, from なり and sometimes classed as a particle) if; in case; if it is the case that; if it is true that; (2) (なら only) as for; on the topic of; (conj) (3) (col) (abbr) (See それなら) if that's the case; if so; that being the case; (4) (ならば only) if possible; if circumstances allow; (P) #141
[わ, wa] (ctr) counter for stories, episodes of TV series, etc. #143
[はなし, hanashi] (n) (1) talk; speech; chat; story; conversation; (2) discussions; negotiation; argument; (P) #143
[へいせい, heisei] (n) Heisei era (1989.1.8- ); (P) #152
[け, ke] (n) { Buddh } lacking substance and existing in name only; something without substance #156
[かり, kari] (n, adj-no) (1) temporary; provisional; interim; (2) fictitious; assumed (name); alias; (P) #156
[おもい, omoi] (n) thought; mind; heart; feelings; emotion; sentiment; love; affection; desire; wish; hope; expectation; imagination; experience; (P) #159
[ほう, hou] (n) (1) direction; way; side; area (in a particular direction); (2) side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; (3) type; category; (4) field (of study, etc.); (5) indicates one side of a comparison; (6) way; method; manner; means; (7) length (of each side of a square); (P) #160
[もと, moto] (n) (1) (usu. 元) origin; source; (2) (esp. 基) base; basis; foundation; root; (3) (also 因, 原) cause; (4) (esp. 素) ingredient; material; (5) (元 only) (somebody's) side; (somebody's) location; (6) original cost (or capital, principal, etc.); (7) (plant) root; (tree) trunk; (8) (See 和歌) first section of a waka; (ctr) (9) (本 only) counter for blades of grass, tree trunks, etc., and for falcons (in falconry); (n) (10) handle (chopsticks, brush, etc.); grip; (P) #170
[もく, moku] (n) (1) (biological) order; (2) item (of a budget revision, etc.); (ctr) (3) (See 囲碁) counter for go pieces; counter for surrounded positions (in go) #185
[め, me] (n) (1) eye; eyeball; (2) (See 目が見える) eyesight; sight; vision; (3) look; stare; glance; (4) an experience; (5) viewpoint; (6) (See 編み目) stitch; texture; weave; (suf) (7) ordinal number suffix; (8) (See 大きめ) somewhat; -ish; (P) #185
[ひつよう, hitsuyou] (adj-na) (1) necessary; needed; essential; indispensable; (n) (2) necessity; need; requirement; (P) #191
[きほん, kihon] (n, adj-no) foundation; basis; standard; (P) #193
[だいがく, daigaku] (n) (1) (See 総合大学) post-secondary education institution, incl. university, college, etc.; (2) (abbr) (See 大学寮, 国学・こくがく・2) former central university of Kyoto (established under the ritsuryo system for the training of government administrators); (3) (See 四書) the Great Learning - one of the Four Books; (P) #195
[へんこう, henkou] (n, vs) change; modification; alteration; revision; amendment; (P) #196
[みず, mizu] (n) (1) (See 湯・ゆ・1) water (esp. cool, fresh water, e.g. drinking water); (2) fluid (esp. in an animal tissue); liquid; (3) flood; floodwaters; (4) (See 力水) water offered to sumo wrestlers just prior to a bout; (5) (See 水入り) break granted to sumo wrestlers engaged in a prolonged bout; (P) #197
[どう, dou] (n) (1) (abbr) road; (2) way; (3) Buddhist teachings; (4) Taoism; (5) modern administrative region of Japan (Hokkaido); (6) historical administrative region of Japan (Tokaido, Tosando, etc.); (7) province (Tang-era administrative region of China); (8) province (modern administrative region of Korea) #201
[みち, michi] (n) (1) road; street; way; path; course; route; lane; (2) distance; ways (e.g. "a long ways"); (3) the way (of proper conduct, etc.); one's way; morals; (4) teachings (esp. Confucian or Buddhist); dogma; (5) field (of medicine, etc.); subject; (6) way; method; means; (P) #201
[ま, ma] (n-adv, n) (1) space (between); gap; interval; distance; (n-adv, n-t) (2) time (between); pause; break; (n-adv, n, n-t) (3) span (temporal or spatial); stretch; period (while); (n-adv, n) (4) relationship (between, among); (5) members (within, among); (conj) (6) (あいだ only) (arch) due to; because of; (P) #202
[ち, chi] (n) (1) (abbr) ground; land; earth; soil; (2) the region in question; the local area; (3) skin; (4) texture; fabric; material; weave; (5) base; background; (6) one's true nature; (7) narrative (i.e. descriptive part of a story); (8) real life; actuality; (9) (in the game of go) captured territory; (10) (See 地謡) noh chorus; (11) (in Japanese dance) accompaniment music; (12) (in Japanese music) basic phrase (usu. repetitive); (13) base part (of multiple shamisens) #208
[わたし(P);わたくし(P), watashi (P); watakushi (P)] (pn, adj-no) (1) I; me; (n, adj-no) (2) (わたくし only) private affairs; personal matter; secrecy; (3) (わたくし only) selfishness; (P) #215
[かんとく, kantoku] (n, vs, adj-no) (1) supervision; control; superintendence; direction; (n) (2) director; superintendent; supervisor; coach; foreman; manager; overseer; controller; boss; (P) #224
[れきし, rekishi] (n, adj-no) history; (P) #234
[ところ(P);とこ(所), tokoro (P); toko ( tokoro )] (n, suf) (1) (also pronounced どころ when a suffix) place; spot; scene; site; (2) address; (3) district; area; locality; (4) one's house; (5) point; (6) part; (7) space; room; (8) (uk) (after the plain past form of a verb) whereupon; as a result; (9) (after present form of a verb) about to; on the verge of; (P) #235