[wo] (prt) (1) indicates direct object of action; (2) indicates subject of causative expression; (3) indicates an area traversed; (4) indicates time (period) over which action takes place; (5) indicates point of departure or separation of action; (6) (See が) indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.; (P) #3
[ga] (prt) (1) indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); (2) indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); (prt, conj) (3) but; however; still; and; (P) #6
[ta] (aux-v) (1) (だ after certain verb forms) (See だ・2) indicate past completed or action; (2) (See だ・3) indicates light imperative #7
[de] (prt) (1) indicates location of action; at; in; (2) indicates time of action; (3) indicates means of action; cause of effect; by; (conj) (4) and then; so; (aux) (5) (alternate form of 〜て used for some verb types) (See て) indicates continuing action; (P) #8
[te] (aux) (で after certain verb forms) (See で・5) indicates continuing action #9
[shi] (prt, conj) (at the end of a phrase) notes one (of several) reasons; (P) #11
[na] (prt) (1) (sentence end, mainly masc.) indicates emotion or emphasis; (2) (abbr) (from なさい) (used with masu stem verb) command; (3) (used with dictionary form verb) prohibition; (P) #24
[kara] (prt) (1) from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; (2) from (originator); (3) because; (4) out of (constituent, part); (5) through (e.g. window, vestibule); (6) after; since (following te-form verb); (P) #25
[nai] (aux-adj) (1) not (verb-negating suffix; may indicate question or invitation with rising intonation); (suf, adj-i) (2) (See 忙しない) emphatic suffix (used after the root of an adjective); (P) #27
[ya] (prt) (1) such things as (non-exhaustive list related to a specific time and place); and ... and; (2) (See や否や) (after the dictionary form of a verb) the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; (int) (3) punctuational exclamation in haiku, renga, etc.; (aux) (4) (ksb #31
[かいわ, kaiwa] (n, vs) conversation; (P) #36
[reru ; rareru] (aux-v, v1) (1) (れる for 五段 verbs, られる for 一段. Follows the imperfective form of (v5) and (vs) verbs) (See 未然形, 迷惑の受身・めいわくのうけみ) indicates passive voice (inc. the "suffering passive"); (2) (no imperative form. Infrequently used in modern Japanese, e.g. 歩ける is favoured over 歩かれる) (See ら抜き言葉・らぬきことば) indicates the potential form; (3) (no imperative form) indicates spontaneous occurrence; (4) (hon) (no imperative form) used as an honorific for others' actions #41
[n] (int) (1) (abbr) used to express approval, especially in slurred or unclear speech (abbr. of interjection "un"); (2) (See ぬ・1) negative verb ending used in informal speech (abbr. of negative verb ending "nu"); (3) (See 乃・の) abbr. of particle "no"; (4) (See に) abbr. of particle "ni" (used especially when it precedes the verb "naru") #43
[you] (aux-v) (1) (non-五段 verbs, e.g. 食べよう) indicates speculation; (2) indicates will; (3) indicates invitation #44
[はん, han] (n) edition; version; (P) #55
[u] (aux-v) (1) (after the imperfective form of certain verbs and adjectives) indicates speculation; (2) indicates will; (3) indicates invitation #63
[da] (aux) (1) (See です) plain copula; (aux-v) (2) (た after certain verb forms) (See た・1) indicates past or completed action; (3) (See た・2) indicates light imperative; (P) #79
[なか, naka] (suf) (1) through; throughout; in the course of; (2) all over or throughout (e.g. a place) #80
[なか, naka] (suf) (1) (See 並・1) medium; average; middle; (2) moderation; (3) (abbr) (See 中一, 中学校) middle school; (4) (abbr) (See 中国・1) China; (n-suf) (5) (See 中・じゅう・2) in; out of (e.g. three out of ten people); (6) (See 話し中) during (a certain time when one did or is doing something); under (construction, etc.); while; (P) #80
[だい, dai] (pref) (1) the large part of; (2) big; large; great; (suf) (3) approximate size; no larger than; (4) (abbr) (See 大学・1) -university; (n) (5) large (e.g. serving size); loud (e.g. volume setting) #110
[じょう, jou] (n, adj-no, n-adv, n-suf) (1) above; up; over; elder (e.g. daughter); (2) top; summit; (3) surface; on; (4) before; previous; (5) superiority; one's superior (i.e. one's elder); (6) on top of that; besides; what's more; (7) upon (further inspection, etc.); based on (and occurring after); (8) matters concerning...; as concerns ...; (9) (as ...上は) since (i.e. "for that reason"); (n-suf) (10) (hon) (See 父上) suffix indicating higher social standing; (11) (arch) place of one's superior (i.e. the throne); (12) (arch) emperor; sovereign; shogun; daimyo; (13) (arch) noblewoman (esp. the wife of a nobleman); (P) #111
[じょう, jou] (n-suf) (1) from the standpoint of; as a matter of (e.g. fact); in the field of; being of the type of; (2) aboard (a ship or vehicle); on top of; on; above; (n) (3) (See 下・げ・2) first volume (e.g. book); (n, pref) (4) superior quality; best; top; high class; (5) going up; (6) governmental; imperial; (7) presenting; showing; (pref) (8) ana- (medical, biol.); (P) #111
[くらい, kurai] (adv, suf) (1) (orig. from 座居, meaning "seat") throne; crown; (nobleman's) seat; (2) (See 位階) government position; court rank; (3) social standing; rank; class; echelon; rung; (n) (4) grade (of quality, etc.); level; tier; rank; (5) (See 桁・2) digit (e.g. the tens, the hundreds, etc.); place; (6) (See どの位) degree; extent; amount; (P) #116
[ぎろん, giron] (n, vs) argument; discussion; dispute; controversy; (P) #122
[せかい, sekai] (n) the world; society; the universe; (P) #126
[nari] (prt) (1) or; whether or not; (2) (after dictionary form verb) as soon as; right after; (3) (after past tense verb) while still; with previous state still in effect; (P) #130
[はなし, hanashi] (n) (1) talk; speech; chat; story; conversation; (2) discussions; negotiation; argument; (P) #143
[すう, suu] (pref) (1) several; a number of; (n) (2) number; numeral; figure; (3) destiny; fate; (4) law; (P) #162
[さら;あら(新);にい(新), sara ; ara ( shin ); nii ( shin )] (n, adj-no) (1) (さら only) (arch) new (i.e. brand-new, never used); (pref) (2) new; (adj-na) (3) (更 only) obvious; natural #173
[つぼね, tsubone] (n) (1) court lady; lady-in-waiting (Heian period); (2) (See 曹司・1) separate room in a palace (esp. for a lady) (Heian period); (3) room for a very low class prostitute; (4) (See 局女郎) very low class prostitute #177
[toki] (n) regular (stops at every station) Jouetsu-line Shinkansen #186
[だいがく, daigaku] (n) (1) (See 総合大学) post-secondary education institution, incl. university, college, etc.; (2) (abbr) (See 大学寮, 国学・こくがく・2) former central university of Kyoto (established under the ritsuryo system for the training of government administrators); (3) (See 四書) the Great Learning - one of the Four Books; (P) #195
[tari (P); dari] (prt) (1) (as …たり…たり, after the ren'youkei forms of multiple verbs) -ing and -ing (e.g. "coming and going"); (2) (used adverbially) doing such things as...; (3) (as …たり…たり at sentence-end, after the ren'youkei forms of a repeated verb) expresses a command; (aux-v) (4) (たり only) (arch) (from とあり) (See たる) (after a noun) to be; (5) (たり only) (arch) (from 〜てあり, after the ren'youkei form of a verb) indicates completion or continuation of an action; (P) #213
[かんとく, kantoku] (n, vs, adj-no) (1) supervision; control; superintendence; direction; (n) (2) director; superintendent; supervisor; coach; foreman; manager; overseer; controller; boss; (P) #224
[ところ(P);とこ(所), tokoro (P); toko ( tokoro )] (n, suf) (1) (also pronounced どころ when a suffix) place; spot; scene; site; (2) address; (3) district; area; locality; (4) one's house; (5) point; (6) part; (7) space; room; (8) (uk) (after the plain past form of a verb) whereupon; as a result; (9) (after present form of a verb) about to; on the verge of; (P) #235
[まん(P);よろず, man (P); yorozu] (num) (1) (萬 is sometimes used in legal documents) 10, 000; ten thousand; (n, adj-no) (2) myriad; (n-adv) (3) (よろず only) everything; all; (n, adj-no) (4) (よろず only) (arch) various; (P) #245
[ぜん, zen] (n) (1) all; whole; entire; complete; overall; (pref) (2) pan-; omni-; toti-; (P) #248
[けい, kei] (n, suf) (1) (がたwhen a suffix) (See 型) shape; appearance; (2) collateral; (3) (See ぜに) obverse of an old "zeni" coin #296
[tai] (aux-adj) (1) (after the -masu stem of a verb) want to ... do something; would like to ...; (prt) (2) (kyu #303
[さい, sai] (n, n-suf) (1) (pronounced ぎわ when a suffix) edge; brink; verge; side; (2) time; moment of #307
[おう, ou] (n, n-suf) (1) king; ruler; sovereign; monarch; (2) king (for senior player) (shogi); (P) #347
[ください, kudasai] (exp) (1) (uk) (hon) please give me; (2) (after te-form of a verb or a noun prefixed with o- or go-) please do for me; (P) #359
[うけ, uke] (n) (1) popularity; favour; favor; reception; (2) defense; defence; reputation; (3) agreement; (4) receiver of technique (e.g. in martial arts); (5) (uk) (col) (See 猫・6, 攻め・2) submissive partner of a homosexual relationship; (P) #371
[ゆうしょう, yuushou] (n, vs) overall victory; championship; (P) #380
[かく, kaku] (pref) each; every; all; (P) #383
[いっぱん, ippan] (n, adj-no) general; liberal; universal; ordinary; average; (P) #409
[がくせい, gakusei] (n) (1) (arch) Heian-period student of government administration; (2) (arch) Buddhist scholar; researcher at a Buddhist temple; person studying Buddhism; (3) (arch) learning; scholarship #423
[がくせい, gakusei] (n) student (esp. a university student); (P) #423
[かれ, kare] (n) (1) (uk) (See 何れ・1, 此れ・1, 其れ・1) that (indicating something distant from both speaker and listener (in space, time or psychologically), or something understood without naming it directly); (2) that person (used to refer to one's equals or inferiors); (3) (arch) over there; (4) (あれ only) (col) down there (i.e. one's genitals); (5) (あれ only) (col) period; menses; (int) (6) hey (expression of surprise or suspicion); eh?; (n) (7) that (something mentioned before which is distant psychologically or in terms of time); (P) #451
[demo] (conj) (1) but; however; though; nevertheless; still; yet; even so; (prt) (2) even; (3) however; no matter how; even if; even though; (4) ... or something; (5) (as 〜でも〜でも) either ... or ...; neither ... nor ...; (pref) (6) (before an occupation, etc.) pseudo-; quack; in-name-only; (7) (before an occupation, etc.) (See でもしか) for lack of anything better to do; (P) #474