[とし, toshi] (n-adv, n) (1) (年 only) year; (n) (2) many years; (suf, n) (3) age; (n-adv, n) (4) past one's prime; old age; (P) #5
[ga] (prt) (1) indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); (2) indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); (prt, conj) (3) but; however; still; and; (P) #6
[ひ, hi] (n-adv, n-t) (1) (日 only) day; days; (2) sun; sunshine; sunlight; (3) (日 only) (as 〜した日には, 〜と来た日には, etc.) case (esp. unfortunate); event; (P) #13
[sa] (suf) (1) -ness (nominalizing suffix indicating degree or condition); (prt) (2) (sentence end, mainly masc.) indicates assertion; (int) (3) (See さあ) come; come now; (P) #15
[もの(P);もん, mono (P); mon] (n) person (rarely used w.o. a qualifier); (P) #16
[na] (prt) (1) (sentence end, mainly masc.) indicates emotion or emphasis; (2) (abbr) (from なさい) (used with masu stem verb) command; (3) (used with dictionary form verb) prohibition; (P) #24
[reru ; rareru] (aux-v, v1) (1) (れる for 五段 verbs, られる for 一段. Follows the imperfective form of (v5) and (vs) verbs) (See 未然形, 迷惑の受身・めいわくのうけみ) indicates passive voice (inc. the "suffering passive"); (2) (no imperative form. Infrequently used in modern Japanese, e.g. 歩ける is favoured over 歩かれる) (See ら抜き言葉・らぬきことば) indicates the potential form; (3) (no imperative form) indicates spontaneous occurrence; (4) (hon) (no imperative form) used as an honorific for others' actions #41
[n] (int) (1) (abbr) used to express approval, especially in slurred or unclear speech (abbr. of interjection "un"); (2) (See ぬ・1) negative verb ending used in informal speech (abbr. of negative verb ending "nu"); (3) (See 乃・の) abbr. of particle "no"; (4) (See に) abbr. of particle "ni" (used especially when it precedes the verb "naru") #43
[ひと, hito] (ctr) (1) counter for people; (n) (2) (にん only) (usu. in compound words) person; (P) #49
[まち(P);ちょう(町), machi (P); chou ( machi )] (n) (1) town; block; neighbourhood; neighborhood; (2) street; road; (3) (町, ちょう only) 109.09 m; (4) (町, ちょう only) 0.99 hectares; (P) #68
[いち(P);ひと, ichi (P); hito] (num, pref) (1) (ひと when a prefix) one; (suf) (2) (いち only) best in; the most (...) in (where an adjective follows); (P) #82
[んち, nchi] (n) (1) house; residence; dwelling; (2) family; household; (3) lineage; family name; (P) #90
[んち, nchi] (n, adj-no) (1) house; home (one's own); (pn, adj-no) (2) (See 内・うち・4) (one's) family; (one's) household; (P) #90
[んち, nchi] (suf) house (e.g. of Tokugawa); family; (P) #90
[かい, kai] (n, n-suf) (1) meeting; assembly; party; (2) association; club; (P) #98
[ぐん(P);こおり, gun (P); koori] (n) (1) (ぐん only) district; county; (2) (See 国郡里制) district (of 2-20 50-home neighbourhoods or townships, in the ritsuryo period); (P) #135
[nara (P); naraba (P)] (aux) (1) (hypothetical form of the copula だ, from なり and sometimes classed as a particle) if; in case; if it is the case that; if it is true that; (2) (なら only) as for; on the topic of; (conj) (3) (col) (abbr) (See それなら) if that's the case; if so; that being the case; (4) (ならば only) if possible; if circumstances allow; (P) #141
[まえ, mae] (n-pref) (1) (See 前・まえ) the last (i.e. immediately preceding) (e.g. "the last mayor"); previous; one-time; former; (2) (before the name of an era) pre- (e.g. "premodern"); (adj-no, n) (3) before; earlier; (P) #147
[まえ, mae] (n-adv, n-t, suf) (1) (See 前・ぜん) ago; before (some event); previously; (minutes) to (the hour); (2) in front (of); before (e.g. the house); (3) head (of a line); front (e.g. of a bus); fore part; (4) in the presence of; (5) (See 人前・にんまえ) helping; portion; (6) privates; private parts; (P) #147
[tara (P); ttara (P)] (conj, prt) (1) indicates supposition; if ... then; when; after; (prt) (2) (usu. ったら) (typically after someone's name) indicates exasperation; (P) #149
[け, ke] (n) { Buddh } lacking substance and existing in name only; something without substance #156
[ほう, hou] (suf) (1) honorific pluralizing suffix (used only for people); (2) (also かた) around (the time that, etc.); about #160
[もと, moto] (n) (1) (usu. 元) origin; source; (2) (esp. 基) base; basis; foundation; root; (3) (also 因, 原) cause; (4) (esp. 素) ingredient; material; (5) (元 only) (somebody's) side; (somebody's) location; (6) original cost (or capital, principal, etc.); (7) (plant) root; (tree) trunk; (8) (See 和歌) first section of a waka; (ctr) (9) (本 only) counter for blades of grass, tree trunks, etc., and for falcons (in falconry); (n) (10) handle (chopsticks, brush, etc.); grip; (P) #170
[さら;あら(新);にい(新), sara ; ara ( shin ); nii ( shin )] (n, adj-no) (1) (さら only) (arch) new (i.e. brand-new, never used); (pref) (2) new; (adj-na) (3) (更 only) obvious; natural #173
[やしろ, yashiro] (n) shrine (usually Shinto) #189
[ま, ma] (n-adv, n) (1) space (between); gap; interval; distance; (n-adv, n-t) (2) time (between); pause; break; (n-adv, n, n-t) (3) span (temporal or spatial); stretch; period (while); (n-adv, n) (4) relationship (between, among); (5) members (within, among); (conj) (6) (あいだ only) (arch) due to; because of; (P) #202
[たいかい, taikai] (n, adj-no) convention; tournament; mass meeting; rally; (P) #206
[nomi] (suf, prt) (literary equiv. of だけ) only; nothing but; (P) #209
[tari (P); dari] (prt) (1) (as …たり…たり, after the ren'youkei forms of multiple verbs) -ing and -ing (e.g. "coming and going"); (2) (used adverbially) doing such things as...; (3) (as …たり…たり at sentence-end, after the ren'youkei forms of a repeated verb) expresses a command; (aux-v) (4) (たり only) (arch) (from とあり) (See たる) (after a noun) to be; (5) (たり only) (arch) (from 〜てあり, after the ren'youkei form of a verb) indicates completion or continuation of an action; (P) #213
[わたし(P);わたくし(P), watashi (P); watakushi (P)] (pn, adj-no) I (mainly used by working men); myself #215
[わたし(P);わたくし(P), watashi (P); watakushi (P)] (pn, adj-no) (1) I; me; (n, adj-no) (2) (わたくし only) private affairs; personal matter; secrecy; (3) (わたくし only) selfishness; (P) #215
[し, shi] (n) family name; lineage; birth; (P) #225
[まん(P);よろず, man (P); yorozu] (num) (1) (萬 is sometimes used in legal documents) 10, 000; ten thousand; (n, adj-no) (2) myriad; (n-adv) (3) (よろず only) everything; all; (n, adj-no) (4) (よろず only) (arch) various; (P) #245
[わけ, wake] (n) (arch) (See 姓・かばね) lord (hereditary title for imperial descendants in outlying regions) #249
[つち(P);つし(地), tsuchi (P); tsushi ( chi )] (n) (1) earth; soil; dirt; (2) the earth (historically, esp. as opposed to the heavens); the ground; the land; (3) (See 鳥の子紙) low-quality torinoko-gami (containing mud); (4) (also written as 犯土, 椎, 槌) (See 陰陽道) (period of) refraining from construction in the direction of the god of the earth (in On'youdou); (P) #252
[なに(P);なん(P), nani (P); nan (P)] (int, pn, adj-no) (1) what; (pref) (2) (なん only) (See 何か月) how many (some counter); (n) (3) (col) euph. for genitals or sex; (P) #255
[てん, ten] (n) (1) (uk) dot; point; mark; (2) (ちょぼ, チョボ only) (See 義太夫) gidayuu musicians (in kabuki) #269
[はしら, hashira] (n, n-suf) (1) bridge (of a koto, etc.); (2) (ちゅう only) cylinder; prism #279
[ぬし, nushi] (n, adj-no) (1) (one's) master; (2) (しゅ only) Lord (Christian ref. to Jesus or God); (3) (しゅ only) (See 主たる, 主として) the main thing; the majority; the primary concern; (P) #295
[かたち(P);よう(容), katachi (P); you ( you )] (n) (1) (形, 容 only) form; shape; figure; (2) visage; (P) #296
[さい, sai] (suf) (1) -years-old; (2) (才 only) ability; gift; talent; aptitude; genius; (P) #321
[か, ka] (n, n-suf) (1) department; section; (2) (taxonomical) family; (P) #324
[じぎょう(P);ことわざ, jigyou (P); kotowaza] (n) (1) project; enterprise; business; industry; operations; (2) (ことわざ only) (See 仕業・しわざ) act; deed; conduct; (P) #333
[おおく, ooku] (adv) many; much; largely; abundantly; mostly #354
[ご(P);お(P), go (P); o (P)] (pref) (1) honorific prefix; (pref, suf) (2) (ぎょ only) (hon) imperial; emperor #364
[えん(P);まる, en (P); maru] (n) (1) (えん only) Yen; money; (2) circle; (P) #395
[やく, yaku] (adv) (1) approximately; about; (n) (2) promise; (3) shortening; reduction; simplification; (4) { ling } (See 約音) contraction (in phonetics); (P) #405
[たんとう, tantou] (n, vs) (in) charge (of an area of responsibility, but not necessarily supervision of staff); (P) #406
[あずま;あづま(ok), azuma ; aduma (ok)] (n) (1) (arch) east; (2) eastern Japan; (3) (abbr) (See 東琴) six-stringed Japanese zither; (4) (吾妻, 吾嬬 only) my spouse #408
[ちほう(P);じかた, chihou (P); jikata] (n, adj-no) (1) area; locality; district; region; province; (2) countryside; rural area; (3) coast (esp. as seen from the water); (4) (じかた only) person singing ballads in noh; person in charge of music in a Japanese dance performance; (P) #416