%dru%

(Mus.) The largest of the different kinds of drums, having two heads, and emitting a deep, grave sound. See Bass, a. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. To drug abundantly or excessively. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. a genus of tall evergreens of West North America and East Asia; formerly included in genus Libocedrus.
Syn. -- genus Calocedrus. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

n. [ Dim. from Gr. &unr_; a grain (of wheat or spelt), cartilage. ] (Min.) A peculiar rounded granule of some mineral, usually enstatite or chrysolite, found imbedded more or less abundantly in the mass of many meteoric stones, which are hence called chondrites. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Origin unknown. ] 1. A kind of riddle based upon some fanciful or fantastic resemblance between things quite unlike; a puzzling question, of which the answer is or involves a pun. [ 1913 Webster ]

Or pun ambiguous, or conundrum quaint. J. Philips. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. A question to which only a conjectural answer can be made. [ 1913 Webster ]

Do you think life is long enough to let me speculate on conundrums like that? W. Black. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Prob. from W. toncrust, peel, skin + AS. drōf dirty, draffy, or W. drwg bad: cf. AS. tan a letter, an eruption. √240. ] A scurf which forms on the head, and comes off in small scales or particles. [ Written also dandriff. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

n. pl. [ Cf. Gael. doltrum grief, vexation? ] A part of the ocean near the equator, abounding in calms, squalls, and light, baffling winds, which sometimes prevent all progress for weeks; -- so called by sailors. [ 1913 Webster ]

To be in the doldrums, to be in a state of listlessness ennui, or tedium. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Drubbed; p. pr. & vb. n. Drubbing. ] [ Cf. Prov. E. drab to beat, Icel. & Sw. drabba to hit, beat, Dan. dræbe to slay, and perh. OE. drepen to strike, kill, AS. drepan to strike, G. & D. freffen to hit, touch, Icel. drepa to strike, kill. ] To beat with a stick; to thrash; to cudgel. [ 1913 Webster ]

Soundly Drubbed with a good honest cudgel. L'Estrange. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. A blow with a cudgel; a thump. Addison. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. One who drubs. Sir W. Scott. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Drudged p. pr. & vb. n. Drudging. ] [ OE. druggen; prob not akin to E. drag, v. t., but fr. Celtic; cf. Ir. drugaire a slave or drudge. ] To perform menial work; to labor in mean or unpleasant offices with toil and fatigue. [ 1913 Webster ]

He gradually rose in the estimation of the booksellers for whom he drudged. Macaulay. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. To consume laboriously; -- with away. [ 1913 Webster ]

Rise to our toils and drudge away the day. Otway. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. One who drudges; one who works hard in servile employment; a menial servant. Milton. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. 1. One who drudges; a drudge. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. A dredging box. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. The act of drudging; disagreeable and wearisome labor; ignoble or slavish toil. [ 1913 Webster ]

The drudgery of penning definitions. Macaulay. [ 1913 Webster ]

Paradise was a place of bliss . . . without drudgery and with out sorrow. Locke.

Syn. -- See Toll. [ 1913 Webster ]

See Dredging box. [ 1913 Webster ]

adv. In a drudging manner; laboriously. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ OF. druerie. ] Courtship; gallantry; love; an object of love. [ Obs. ] Chaucer. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. i. [ See 1st Drudge. ] To drudge; to toil laboriously. [ Obs. ] “To drugge and draw.” Chaucer. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. A drudge (?). Shak. (Timon iv. 3, 253). [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ F. drogue, prob. fr. D. droog; akin to E. dry; thus orig., dry substance, hers, plants, or wares. See Dry. ] 1. Any animal, vegetable, or mineral substance used in the composition of medicines. [ 1913 Webster ]

Whence merchants bring
Their spicy drugs. Milton. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Any commodity that lies on hand, or is not salable; an article of slow sale, or in no demand; -- used often in the phrase “a drug on the market”. “But sermons are mere drugs.” Fielding. [ 1913 Webster ]

And virtue shall a drug become. Dryden. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. any stuff used in dyeing or in chemical operations. [ 1913 Webster ]

4. any substance intended for use in the treatment, prevention, diagnosis, or cure of disease, especially one listed in the official pharmacopoeia published by a national authority. [ PJC ]

5. any substance having psychological effects, such as a narcotic, stimulant, or hallucinogenic agent, especially habit-forming and addictive substances, sold or used illegally; as, a drug habit; a drug treatment program; a teenager into drugs; a drug bust; addicted to drugs; high on drugs.
Syn. -- illegal drug. [ PJC ]

They [ smaller and poorer nations ] have lined up to recount how drug trafficking and consumption have corrupted their struggling economies and societies and why they are hard pressed to stop it. Christopher S. Wren (N Y. Times, June 10, 1998, p. A5) [ PJC ]

v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Drugged p. pr. & vb. n. Drugging. ] [ Cf. F. droguer. ] To prescribe or administer drugs or medicines. B. Jonson. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. 1. To affect or season with drugs or ingredients; esp., to stupefy by a narcotic drug. Also Fig. [ 1913 Webster ]

The laboring masses . . . [ were ] drugged into brutish good humor by a vast system of public spectacles. C. Kingsley. [ 1913 Webster ]

Drug thy memories, lest thou learn it. Tennyson. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. To tincture with something offensive or injurious. [ 1913 Webster ]

Drugged as oft,
With hatefullest disrelish writhed their jaws. Milton. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. To dose to excess with, or as with, drugs. [ 1913 Webster ]

With pleasure drugged, he almost longed for woe. Byron. [ 1913 Webster ]

adj. under the influence of narcotics or hypnotic drugs.
Syn. -- doped, narcotized. [ WordNet 1.5 +PJC ]

n. A druggist. [ Obs. ] Burton. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ F. droguet, prop. dim. of drogue trash, stuff, perh, the same word as drogue drug, but cf. also W. drwg evil, bad, Ir. & Gael. droch, Arm. droug, drouk. See 3d Drug. ] (a) A coarse woolen cloth dyed of one color or printed on one side; generally used as a covering for carpets. (b) By extension, any material used for the same purpose. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. the administration of a sedative agent or drug.
Syn. -- sedation. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

n. [ F. droguiste, fr. drogue. See 3d Drug. ] 1. One who deals in drugs; especially, one who buys and sells drugs without compounding them; one who owns or operates a drugstore. [ 1913 Webster +PJC ]

2. one who compounds drugs or distributes drugs into containers for distribution to customers; a pharmacist or apothecary.
Syn. -- dispensing chemist. [ PJC ]

☞ The same person often serves as both pharmacist and retail seller of drugs. See the Note under Apothecary. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. A druggist. [ Obs. ] Boule. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. a retail shop where medicine and other articles are sold.
Syn. -- apothecary's shop, chemist's, chemist's shop, dispensary, pharmacy. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

n. [ L. Druides; of Celtic origin; cf. Ir. & Gael. draoi, druidh, magician, Druid, W. derwydd Druid. ] 1. One of an order of priests which in ancient times existed among certain branches of the Celtic race, especially among the Gauls and Britons. [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ The Druids superintended the affairs of religion and morality, and exercised judicial functions. They practiced divination and magic, and sacrificed human victims as a part of their worship. They consisted of three classes; the bards, the vates or prophets, and the Druids proper, or priests. Their most sacred rites were performed in the depths of oak forests or of caves. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. A member of a social and benevolent order, founded in London in 1781, and professedly based on the traditions of the ancient Druids. Lodges or groves of the society are established in other countries. [ 1913 Webster ]

Druid stones, a name given, in the south of England, to weatherworn, rough pillars of gray sandstone scattered over the chalk downs, but in other countries generally in the form of circles, or in detached pillars. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. A female Druid; a prophetess.

{ } a. Pertaining to, or resembling, the Druids. [ 1913 Webster ]

Druidical circles. See under Circle. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Druidic. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. The system of religion, philosophy, and instruction, received and taught by the Druids; the rites and ceremonies of the Druids. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Cf. D. trom, trommel, LG. trumme, G. trommel, Dan. tromme, Sw. trumma, OHG. trumba a trumpet, Icel. pruma a clap of thunder, and as a verb, to thunder, Dan. drum a booming sound, drumme to boom; prob. partly at least of imitative origin; perh. akin to E. trum, or trumpet. ] 1. (Mus.) An instrument of percussion, consisting either of a hollow cylinder, over each end of which is stretched a piece of skin or vellum, to be beaten with a stick; or of a metallic hemisphere (kettledrum) with a single piece of skin to be so beaten; the common instrument for marking time in martial music; one of the pair of tympani in an orchestra, or cavalry band. [ 1913 Webster ]

The drums cry bud-a-dub. Gascoigne. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Anything resembling a drum in form; as: (a) A sheet iron radiator, often in the shape of a drum, for warming an apartment by means of heat received from a stovepipe, or a cylindrical receiver for steam, etc. (b) A small cylindrical box in which figs, etc., are packed. (c) (Anat.) The tympanum of the ear; -- often, but incorrectly, applied to the tympanic membrane. (d) (Arch.) One of the cylindrical, or nearly cylindrical, blocks, of which the shaft of a column is composed; also, a vertical wall, whether circular or polygonal in plan, carrying a cupola or dome. (e) (Mach.) A cylinder on a revolving shaft, generally for the purpose of driving several pulleys, by means of belts or straps passing around its periphery; also, the barrel of a hoisting machine, on which the rope or chain is wound. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. (Zool.) See Drumfish. [ 1913 Webster ]

4. A noisy, tumultuous assembly of fashionable people at a private house; a rout. [ Archaic ] [ 1913 Webster ]

Not unaptly styled a drum, from the noise and emptiness of the entertainment. Smollett. [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ There were also drum major, rout, tempest, and hurricane, differing only in degrees of multitude and uproar, as the significant name of each declares. [ 1913 Webster ]

5. A tea party; a kettledrum. G. Eliot. [ 1913 Webster ]

Bass drum. See in the Vocabulary. --
Double drum. See under Double. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Drummed p. pr. & vb. n. Drumming. ] 1. To beat a drum with sticks; to beat or play a tune on a drum. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. To beat with the fingers, as with drumsticks; to beat with a rapid succession of strokes; to make a noise like that of a beaten drum; as, the ruffed grouse drums with his wings. [ 1913 Webster ]

Drumming with his fingers on the arm of his chair. W. Irving. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. To throb, as the heart. [ R. ] Dryden. [ 1913 Webster ]

4. To go about, as a drummer does, to gather recruits, to draw or secure partisans, customers, etc, ; -- with for. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. 1. To execute on a drum, as a tune. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. (With out) To expel ignominiously, with beat of drum; as, to drum out a deserter or rogue from a camp, etc. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. (With up) To assemble by, or as by, beat of drum; to collect; to gather or draw by solicitation; as, to drum up recruits; to drum up customers. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. The sound of a beaten drum; drum music. [ 1913 Webster ]

Whose morning drumbeat, following the sun, and keeping company with the hours, circles the earth with one continuous and unbroken strain of the martial airs of England. D. Webster. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. i. [ See Drumly. ] 1. To be sluggish or lazy; to be confused. [ Obs. ] Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. To mumble in speaking. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

n. (Zool.) Any fish of the family Sciænidæ, which makes a loud noise by means of its air bladder; -- called also drum. [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ The common drumfish (Pogonias chromis) is a large species, common south of New Jersey. The southern red drum or red horse (Sciæna ocellata), and the fresh-water drum or croaker (Aplodionotus grunniens), are related species. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. 1. The parchment or skin stretched over one end of a drum. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. The top of a capstan which is pierced with sockets for levers used in turning it. See Illust. of Capstan. [ 1913 Webster ]

Drumhead court-martial (Mil.), a summary court-martial called to try offenses on the battlefield or the line of march, when, sometimes, a drumhead has to do service as a writing table. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Gael. druim the ridge of a hill. ] (Geol.) A hill of compact, unstratified, glacial drift or till, usually elongate or oval, with the larger axis parallel to the former local glacial motion. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ Cf. Droumy. ] Turbid; muddy. [ Scot. & Obs. or Prov. Eng. ] Wodroephe (1623). Burns. [ 1913 Webster ]

def>. 1. The chief or first drummer of a regiment; an instructor of drummers. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. The marching leader of a military band. [ U.S. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

3. A noisy gathering. [ R. ] See under Drum, n., 4. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. 1. One whose office is to best the drum, as in military exercises and marching. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. One who solicits custom; a commercial traveler. [ Colloq. U.S. ] Bartlett. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. (Zool.) A fish that makes a sound when caught; as: (a) The squeteague. (b) A California sculpin. [ 1913 Webster ]

4. (Zool.) A large West Indian cockroach (Blatta gigantea) which drums on woodwork, as a sexual call. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. The act of beating upon, or as if upon, a drum; also, the noise which the male of the ruffed grouse makes in spring, by beating his wings upon his sides. [ 1913 Webster ]

[ From Thomas Drummond, a British naval officer. ] A very intense light, produced by turning two streams of gas, one oxygen and the other hydrogen, or coal gas, in a state of ignition, upon a ball of lime; or a stream of oxygen gas through a flame of alcohol upon a ball or disk of lime; -- called also oxycalcium light, or lime light. [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ The name is also applied sometimes to a heliostat, invented by Drummond, for rendering visible a distant point, as in geodetic surveying, by reflecting upon it a beam of light from the sun. [ 1913 Webster ]