%philo%

{ } n. [ Gr. &unr_; + -logy. ] Ambiguity of speech; equivocation. [ R. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

adj. 1. pollinated by the wind; -- of flowering plants; especially grasses etc. entomophilous [ WordNet 1.5 ]

a. [ Gr. 'a`nemos wind + fi`los lover. ] (Bot.) Fertilized by the agency of the wind; -- said of plants in which the pollen is carried to the stigma by the wind; wind-Fertilized. Lubbock. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ Gr. 'a`nqos flower + fi`los loving. ] (Zool.) Lit., fond of flowers; hence, feeding upon, or living among, flowers. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

a. [ Gr. &unr_; insect + &unr_; a lover. ] (Bot.) Fertilized by the agency of insects; -- said of plants in which the pollen is carried to the stigma by insects. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. an order of myriopod arthropods containing elongated centipedes living in soil and under stones and having more than 30 pairs of legs.
Syn. -- order Geophilomorpha. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

adj. (Biol.) Associated with, or benefitted by ants through sharing their nest. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

adj. 1. not philosophical. Opposite of philosophical. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

. A combining form from Gr. fi`los loving, fond of, attached to; as, philosophy, philotechnic. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ See Philogyny. ] A lover or friend of women; one who esteems woman as the higher type of humanity; -- opposed to misogynist. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Gr. filogyni`a; fi`los loving + gynh` woman. ] Fondness for women; uxoriousness; -- opposed to misogyny. [ R. ] Byron. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. A philhellenist. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Cf. L. philologus a man of letters, Gr. filo`logos, originally, fond of talking; hence, fond of learning and literature; fi`los loving + lo`gos speech, discourse. ] A philologist. Burton. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. A philologist. [ R. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

{ } a. [ Cf. F. philologique. ] Of or pertaining to philology. -- Phil`o*log"ic*al*ly, adv. [1913 Webster]

n. One versed in philology. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. i. To study, or make critical comments on, language. Evelyn. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Cf. F. philologue. ] A philologist. [ R. ] Carlyle. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ L. philologia love of learning, interpretation, philology, Gr. filologi`a: cf. F. philologie. See Philologer. ] 1. Criticism; grammatical learning. [ R. ] Johnson. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. The study of language, especially in a philosophical manner and as a science; the investigation of the laws of human speech, the relation of different tongues to one another, and historical development of languages; linguistic science. [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ Philology comprehends a knowledge of the etymology, or origin and combination of words; grammar, the construction of sentences, or use of words in language; criticism, the interpretation of authors, the affinities of different languages, and whatever relates to the history or present state of languages. It sometimes includes rhetoric, poetry, history, and antiquities. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. A treatise on the science of language. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Gr. filomaqh`s; fi`los loving, a friend + ma`qh learning, fr. maqei^n, manqa`nein, to learn. ] A lover of learning; a scholar. Chesterfield. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. A philomath. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ Cf. F. philomathique. ] 1. Of or pertaining to philomathy. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Having love of learning or letters. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Gr. filomaqi`a, filoma`qeia. ] The love of learning or letters. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. Same as Philomela, the nightingale. [ Poetic ] Milton. Cowper. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ L. philomela, Gr. filomh`la, according to the legend, from Filomh`la Philomela (daughter of Pandion, king of Athens), who was changed into a nightingale. ] 1. The nightingale; philomel. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. (Zool.) A genus of birds including the nightingales. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. The nightingale. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ See Filemot. ] Of the color of a dead leaf. [ Obs. ] Addison. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ Philo- + musical. ] Loving music. [ R. ]Busby. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Probably a corruption fr. G. vielliebchen, LG. vielliebken, or D. veelliebken, a philopena, literally, much loved; but influenced by Gr. fi`los a friend, and L. poena penalty, from an idea that the gift was a penalty of friendship or love. ] A present or gift which is made as a forfeit in a social game that is played in various ways; also, the game itself. [ Written also fillipeen and phillippine. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ One of the ways may be stated as follows: A person finding a nut with two kernels eats one, and gives the other to a person of the opposite sex, and then whichever says philopena first at the next meeting wins the present. The name is also applied to the kernels eaten. [ 1913 Webster ]

{ } a. [ Gr. filopo`lemos fond of war, warlike; fi`los loving + po`lemos war. ] Fond of polemics or controversy. [ R. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Having the love of offspring; fond of children. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Philo- + L. progenies offspring. ] (Phren.) The love of offspring; fondness for children. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ L., a bad philosopher, fr. philosophus: cf. OF. philosophastre. ] A pretender to philosophy. [ Obs. ] Dr. H. More. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. i. [ L. philosophatus, p. p. of philosophari to philosophize. ] To play the philosopher; to moralize. [ Obs. ] Barrow. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. Philosophical speculation and discussion. [ Obs. ] Sir W. Petty. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ F., a philosopher. ] A philosophaster; a philosopher. [ R. ] Carlyle. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Gr. filoso`fhma, from filosofei^n to love knowledge. ] A philosophical proposition, doctrine, or principle of reasoning. [ R. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

This, the most venerable, and perhaps the most ancient, of Grecian myths, is a philosopheme. Coleridge. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ OE. philosophre, F. philosophe, L. philosophus, Gr. filo`sofos; fi`los loving + sofo`s wise. Cf. Philosophy. ] 1. One who philosophizes; one versed in, or devoted to, philosophy. [ 1913 Webster ]

Then certain philosophers of the Epicureans, and of the Stoics, encountered him. Acts xvii. 18. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. One who reduces the principles of philosophy to practice in the conduct of life; one who lives according to the rules of practical wisdom; one who meets or regards all vicissitudes with calmness. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. An alchemist. [ Obs. ] Chaucer. [ 1913 Webster ]

Philosopher's stone, an imaginary stone which the alchemists formerly sought as the instrument of converting the baser metals into gold. [ 1913 Webster ]

{ } a. [ L. philosophicus: cf. F. philosophique. ] Of or pertaining to philosophy; versed in, or imbued with, the principles of philosophy; hence, characterizing a philosopher; rational; wise; temperate; calm; cool. -- Phil`o*soph"ic*al*ly, adv. [1913 Webster]

n. [ Cf. F. philosophisme. ] Spurious philosophy; the love or practice of sophistry. Carlyle. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Cf. F. philosophiste. ] A pretender in philosophy. [ 1913 Webster ]

{ } a. Of or pertaining to the love or practice of sophistry. [ R. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Philosophized p. pr. & vb. n. hilosophizing ] To reason like a philosopher; to search into the reason and nature of things; to investigate phenomena, and assign rational causes for their existence. [ 1913 Webster ]

Man philosophizes as he lives. He may philosophize well or ill, but philosophize he must. Sir W. Hamilton. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. One who philosophizes. [ 1913 Webster ]

n.; pl. Philosophies [ OE. philosophie, F. philosophie, L. philosophia, from Gr. filosofi`a. See Philosopher. ] 1. Literally, the love of, inducing the search after, wisdom; in actual usage, the knowledge of phenomena as explained by, and resolved into, causes and reasons, powers and laws. [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ When applied to any particular department of knowledge, philosophy denotes the general laws or principles under which all the subordinate phenomena or facts relating to that subject are comprehended. Thus philosophy, when applied to God and the divine government, is called theology; when applied to material objects, it is called physics; when it treats of man, it is called anthropology and psychology, with which are connected logic and ethics; when it treats of the necessary conceptions and relations by which philosophy is possible, it is called metaphysics. [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ “Philosophy has been defined: -- the science of things divine and human, and the causes in which they are contained; -- the science of effects by their causes; -- the science of sufficient reasons; -- the science of things possible, inasmuch as they are possible; -- the science of things evidently deduced from first principles; -- the science of truths sensible and abstract; -- the application of reason to its legitimate objects; -- the science of the relations of all knowledge to the necessary ends of human reason; -- the science of the original form of the ego, or mental self; -- the science of science; -- the science of the absolute; -- the science of the absolute indifference of the ideal and real.” Sir W. Hamilton. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. A particular philosophical system or theory; the hypothesis by which particular phenomena are explained. [ 1913 Webster ]

[ Books ] of Aristotle and his philosophie. Chaucer. [ 1913 Webster ]

We shall in vain interpret their words by the notions of our philosophy and the doctrines in our school. Locke. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. Practical wisdom; calmness of temper and judgment; equanimity; fortitude; stoicism; as, to meet misfortune with philosophy. [ 1913 Webster ]

Then had he spent all his philosophy. Chaucer. [ 1913 Webster ]

4. Reasoning; argumentation. [ 1913 Webster ]

Of good and evil much they argued then, . . .
Vain wisdom all, and false philosophy. Milton. [ 1913 Webster ]

5. The course of sciences read in the schools. Johnson. [ 1913 Webster ]

6. A treatise on philosophy. [ 1913 Webster ]

Philosophy of the Academy, that of Plato, who taught his disciples in a grove in Athens called the Academy. --
Philosophy of the Garden, that of Epicurus, who taught in a garden in Athens. --
Philosophy of the Lyceum, that of Aristotle, the founder of the Peripatetic school, who delivered his lectures in the Lyceum at Athens. --
Philosophy of the Porch, that of Zeno and the Stoics; -- so called because Zeno of Citium and his successors taught in the porch of the Poicile, a great hall in Athens. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Gr. filostorgi`a; fi`los loving + storgh` affection. ] Natural affection, as of parents for their children. [ R. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

{ } a. [ Philo- + Gr. te`chnh an art: cf. F. philotechnique. ] Fond of the arts. [ R. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Photo- + Gr. &unr_; loving. ] (Phytogeog.) Light-loving; growing in strong light, as many plants. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]