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n. [ Azo- + benzene. ] (Chem.) A substance (C6H5.N2.C6H5) derived from nitrobenzene, forming orange red crystals which are easily fusible. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Benzoic + aldehyde. ] (Chem.) A compound radical, C6H5.CH=, of the aromatic series, related to benzyl and benzoyl; -- used adjectively or in combination. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Benzoin + amide. ] (Chem.) A transparent crystalline substance, C6H5.CO.NH2, obtained by the action of ammonia upon chloride of benzoyl, as also by several other reactions with benzoyl compounds. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ From Benzoin. ] (Chem.) A volatile, very inflammable liquid, C6H6, contained in the naphtha produced by the destructive distillation of coal, from which it is separated by fractional distillation. The name is sometimes applied also to the impure commercial product or benzole, and also, but rarely, to a similar mixed product of petroleum. [ 1913 Webster ]

Benzene nucleus,
Benzene ring (Chem.), a closed chain or ring, consisting of six carbon atoms, each with one hydrogen atom attached, regarded as the type from which the aromatic compounds are derived. This ring formula is provisionally accepted as representing the probable constitution of the benzene molecule, C6H6, and as the type on which its derivatives are formed. [ 1913 Webster ]

adj. (Chem.) similar to benzene in structure or linkage; having an aromatic ring system. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

n. [ From Benzoin. ] (Chem.) A yellowish crystalline substance, C6H5.CO.CO.C6H5, formed from benzoin by the action of oxidizing agents, and consisting of a doubled benzoyl radical. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ From Benzoin. ] (Chem.) 1. A liquid consisting mainly of the lighter and more volatile hydrocarbons of petroleum or kerosene oil, used as a solvent and for cleansing soiled fabrics; -- called also petroleum spirit, petroleum benzine. Varieties or similar products are gasoline, naphtha, rhigolene, ligroin, etc. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Same as Benzene. [ R. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ The hydrocarbons of benzine proper are essentially of the marsh gas (paraffin) series, while benzene proper is the typical hydrocarbon of the aromatic series. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Cf. F. benzoate. ] (Chem.) A salt formed by the union of benzoic acid with any salifiable base. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. a chemical substance obtainable as a white crystalline ester (H2N.C6H4.CO.O.C2H5) used as a local anesthetic. Chemically, it is 4-aminobenzoic acid ethyl ester.
Syn. -- ethyl p-aminobenzoate. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

a. [ Cf. F. benzoïque. ] Pertaining to, or obtained from, benzoin. [ 1913 Webster ]

Benzoic acid, or flowers of benzoin, a peculiar vegetable acid, C6H5.CO2H, obtained from benzoin, and some other balsams, by sublimation or decoction. It is also found in the urine of infants and herbivorous animals. It crystallizes in the form of white, satiny flakes; its odor is aromatic; its taste is pungent, and somewhat acidulous. --
Benzoic aldehyde, oil of bitter almonds; the aldehyde, C6H5.CHO, intermediate in composition between benzoic or benzyl alcohol, and benzoic acid. It is a thin colorless liquid. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Cf. F. benjoin, Sp. benjui, Pg. beijoin; all fr. Ar. lubān-jāwī incense form Sumatra (named Java in Arabic), the first syllable being lost. Cf. Benjamin. ] [ Called also benjamin. ] 1. A resinous substance, dry and brittle, obtained from the Styrax benzoin, a tree of Sumatra, Java, etc., having a fragrant odor, and slightly aromatic taste. It is used in the preparation of benzoic acid, in medicine, and as a perfume. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. A white crystalline substance, C14H12O2, obtained from benzoic aldehyde and some other sources. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. (Bot.) The spicebush (Lindera benzoin). [ 1913 Webster ]

Flowers of benzoin, benzoic acid. See under Benzoic. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. (Med.) Containing or impregnated with benzoin; as, benzoinated lard. [ 1913 Webster ]

{ } n. [ Benzoin + L. oleum oil. ] (Chem.) An impure benzene, used in the arts as a solvent, and for various other purposes. See Benzene. [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ It has great solvent powers, and is used by manufacturers of India rubber and gutta percha; also for cleaning soiled kid gloves, and for other purposes. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. (Chem.) (a) Same as Benzole. (b) Same as Amarine. [ R. ] Watts. [ 1913 Webster ]

{ n. Also }. [ Benzoin + naphthol. ] (Chem.) A white crystalline powder used as an intestinal antiseptic; beta-naphthol benzoate. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

n. (Pharm.) Guaiacol benzoate, used as an intestinal antiseptic and as a substitute for creosote in phthisis. It is a colorless crystalline pewder. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

n. [ Benzoic + Gr. &unr_; wood. See -yl. ] (Chem.) A compound radical, C6H5.CO-; the base of benzoic acid, of the oil of bitter almonds, and of an extensive series of compounds. [ Formerly written also benzule. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Benzoic + -yl. ] (Chem.) A compound radical, C6H5.CH2, related to toluene and benzoic acid; -- commonly used adjectively. [ 1913 Webster ]

adj. (Chem.) containing a benzyl group. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

n. [ It. ] (Mus.) A parenthetic flourish or flight of ornament in the course of a piece, commonly just before the final cadence. [ 1913 Webster ]

(Biochem.) a molecule that is essential for the activity of some enzymes; it may exist free in solution within a living organism, but functions by binding to an enzyme to assist in catalyzing a reaction. The molecule itself may be temporarily changed during the reaction, but is ultimately restored to its original form. Many vitamins function as coenzymes. [ PJC ]

(Biochem.) a coenzyme (C21H36N7O16P3S) that participates in the transfer of acetyl groups in biochemical reactions; -- abbreviated CoA. It contains adenosine, phosphate, pantothenic acid and cysteamine groups. The acetyl group to be transferred during biosynthesis is temporarily attached to the free sulhydryl of the cysteamine group to form a thioester, in which state it is called acetyl coenzyme A. The strength of a preparation of coenzyme A may be expressed by the Lippman unit; one milligram of CoA contains 413 Lippman units. [ PJC ]

n. 1. a credence{ 3 }.
Syn. -- credence. [ PJC ]

2. a buffet or sideboard similar to a credence{ 4 }, especially one without legs. MW10 [ WordNet 1.5 ]

a. [ Gr. 'en in + zw^, on an animal: cf. F. enzoötique. ] Afflicting animals; -- used of a disease affecting the animals of a district. It corresponds to an endemic disease among men. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Pref. en- (Gr. 'en in) + Gr. zy`mh leaven. ] (Physiol. Chem.) A protein produced by a living organism, capable of catalyzing a chemical reaction. Almost all processes in living organisms require some form of enzyme to cause the reactions to occur at a rate sufficient to support life. There are a very wide variety of enzymes, each specifically catalyzing a different chemical reaction, the sum of which cause the bulk of the physiological changes observed as life processes. Enzymes, like most proteins, are synthesized by the protein-synthetic mechanism of the living cell, at special sites on ribosomes, using the genetic information in messenger RNA transcribed from the genetic instructions stored as nuleotide sequences in the DNA (or in some viruses, the RNA) of the genome. Some examples of enzymes are: pepsin, diastase, rennet, DNA polymerase, invertase, glucose oxidase, protease, and ribonuclease. There are many other types of enzyme. [ 1913 Webster +PJC ]

The 1913 Webster defined an enzyme as:
An unorganized or unformed ferment, in distinction from an organized or living ferment; a soluble, or chemical, ferment. [ PJC ]

a. Frantic. [ Obs. ] Orrery. [ 1913 Webster ]

p. p. & a. Affected with frenzy; frantic; maddened. -- Fren"zied*ly, adv. [1913 Webster]

The people frenzied by centuries of oppression. Buckle. [1913 Webster]

Up starting with a frenzied look. Sir W. Scott. [1913 Webster]

v. t. To affect with frenzy; to drive to madness [ R. ] “Frenzying anguish.” Southey. [ 1913 Webster ]

n.; pl. Frenzies [ OE. frenesie, fransey, F. frénésie, L. phrenesis, fr. Gr. fre`nhsis for freni^tis disease of the mind, phrenitis, fr. frhn mind. Cf. Frantic, Phrenitis. ] Any violent agitation of the mind approaching to distraction; violent and temporary derangement of the mental faculties; madness; rage. [ 1913 Webster ]

All else is towering frenzy and distraction. Addison. [ 1913 Webster ]

The poet's eye in a fine frenzy rolling. Shak.

Syn. -- Insanity; lunacy; madness; derangement; alienation; aberration; delirium. See Insanity. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Mad; frantic. [ R. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

They thought that some frenzy distemper had got into his head. Bunyan. [ 1913 Webster ]

adj. having passions unrestrained by reason.
Syn. -- frenzied. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

n. [ It. influenza influence, an epidemic formerly attributed by astrologers to the influence of the heavenly bodies, influenza. See Influence. ] (Med.) An epidemic viral infectious disease characterized by acute nasal catarrh, or by inflammation of the throat or the bronchi, and usually accompanied by fever and general weakness; also called grippe. It is caused by several forms of RNA virus which mutate readily and thereby render vaccines prepared against older forms ineffective, often requiring a new form of vaccine for each new outbreak. [ 1913 Webster +PJC ]

peop. n. a Canadian river; flows into the Beaufort Sea.
Syn. -- Mackenzie River. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

prop. n. A genus of deciduous shrubs of North America and eastern Asia.
Syn. -- genus Menziesia. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

n. [ Nitro- + benzene. ] (Chem.) A yellow aromatic liquid (C6H5.NO2), produced by the action of nitric acid on benzene, and called from its odor imitation oil of bitter almonds, or essence of mirbane. It is used in perfumery, and is manufactured in large quantities in the preparation of aniline. Fornerly called also nitrobenzol. [ 1913 Webster ]

{ , n. See Nitrobenzene. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Oxy- (b) + benzene. ] (Chem.) Hydroxy benzene. Same as Phenol. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ Oxy- (b) + benzoic. ] (Chem.) Hydroxybenzoic; pertaining to, or designating, any one of several hydroxyl derivatives of benzonic acid, of which the commonest is salicylic acid. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ . ] (Bioch.) Any one of a class of proteins that are converted, in the normal course of cellular metabolism, into one or more active enzymes; also called zymogen. The conversion usually is due to a specific cleavage of a peptide bond by another enzyme, or may be due to acid. [ PJC ]