(n) the economic and political theories of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels that hold that human actions and institutions are economically determined and that class struggle is needed to create historical change and that capitalism will ultimately be superseded by communism
(n) the political and economic theories of Lenin which provided the guiding doctrine of the Soviet Union; the modification of Marxism by Lenin stressed that imperialism is the highest form of capitalism (which shifts the struggle from developed to underdeveloped countries), Syn. Marxism-Leninism
The Collaborative International Dictionary of English (GCIDE) v.0.53 Collaborative International Dictionary (GCIDE)
prop. n. A system of economic and political thought, originated by Karl Marx, and elaborated by others. It holds that the state has been the a device for suppression of the masses, allowing exploitation by a dominant (capitalistic) class; that historical change occurs through class struggle; and that the capitalist system will inevitably wither away to be superseded by a classless society. [ PJC ]
[马克思 / 馬克思, Mǎ kè sīㄇㄚˇ ㄎㄜˋ ㄙ] Marx (name); Groucho Marx (the star of Duck Soup, 1933); Karl Marx (1818-1883), German socialist philosopher, political activist and founder of Marxism#8425
[陈独秀 / 陳獨秀, Chén Dú xiùㄔㄣˊ ㄉㄨˊ ㄒㄧㄡˋ] Chen Duxiu (1879-1942), Chinese Marxist and leading communist, blamed for the failures of Chinese communism from 1927, posthumously rehabilitated#30194
[张志新 / 張志新, Zhāng Zhì xīnㄓㄤ ㄓˋ ㄒㄧㄣ] Zhang Zhixin (1930-1975) female revolutionary and martyr, who followed the true Marxist-Leninist line as a party member, and was arrested in 1969, murdered in 1975 after opposing the counter-revolutionary party-usurping conspiracies of Lin Biao and the Ga#68341
[一个幽灵在欧洲游荡 / 一個幽靈在歐洲遊蕩, yī gè yōu líng zài ōu zhōu yóu dàngㄧ ㄍㄜˋ ㄧㄡ ㄌㄧㄥˊ ㄗㄞˋ ㄡ ㄓㄡ ㄧㄡˊ ㄉㄤˋ] Ein Gespenst geht um in Europa; the opening sentence of Marx and Engels' "Communist manifesto"
[共产党宣言 / 共產黨宣言, gòng chǎn dǎng xuān yánㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄔㄢˇ ㄉㄤˇ ㄒㄩㄢ ㄧㄢˊ] Manifesto of the Communist Party; "Manifest der kommunistischen Partei" by Marx and Engels (1848)
[半封建半殖民地, bàn fēng jiàn bàn zhí mín dìㄅㄢˋ ㄈㄥ ㄐㄧㄢˋ ㄅㄢˋ ㄓˊ ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄉㄧˋ] semi-feudal and semi-colonial (the official Marxist description of China in the late Qing and under the Guomindang
[德法年鉴 / 德法年鑒, dé fǎ nián jiànㄉㄜˊ ㄈㄚˇ ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄢˋ] Deutsch-französische Jahrbücher (published once in 1844 by Karl Marx and bourgeois radical Arnold Ruge)
[资产阶级革命 / 資產階級革命, zī chǎn jiē jí gé mìngㄗ ㄔㄢˇ ㄐㄧㄝ ㄐㄧˊ ㄍㄜˊ ㄇㄧㄥˋ] bourgeois revolution (in Marx-Leninist theory, a prelude to the proletarian revolution)