ปรากฏการณ์ที่ความหนืดของยางดิบหรือยางที่ยังไม่ได้ผ่านการคงรูปเพิ่ม ขึ้นระหว่างการเก็บ เนื่องจากหมู่อัลดีไฮด์ (aldehyde group) ที่มีอยู่ในยางธรรมชาติเข้าไปทำปฏิกิริยาควบแน่นกัน เกิดเป็นโครงสร้างสามมิติที่มีการเชื่อมโยง (crosslink) ระหว่างโมเลกุลยางมีผลทำให้ยางแข็งขึ้น [เทคโนโลยียาง]

Thai-English: NECTEC's Lexitron-2 Dictionary [with local updates] NECTEC Lexitron-2 Dictionary (TH-EN)

เกร็ง

(v) contract, See Also: harden, tense, shorten, reduce, shrink, Ant. คลาย, Example:เราต่างนั่งซึม ศีรษะหลุบต่ำ เกร็งมือทั้งสองข้างจนเส้นเอ็นที่ลำแขนเต้นระริก, Thai Definition:ทำกล้ามเนื้อให้แข็ง

แข็งตัว

(v) harden, See Also: become stiff, Syn. แข็ง, Ant. อ่อนตัว, Example:ถ้าเลือดแข็งตัวเร็วเกินไปจะทำให้น้ำไหลไปเลี้ยงสมองไม่ทัน, Thai Definition:เปลี่ยนสถานะจากของเหลวเป็นของแข็ง

ชุบ

(v) coat, See Also: plate, harden, overlay, gild, Syn. เคลือบ, ทา, ฉาบ, หุ้ม, Example:ช้อนเหล่านี้ชุบเงิน, Thai Definition:เอาสิ่งใดสิ่งหนึ่งจุ่มลงไปในสารละลายเพื่อให้โลหะในสารละลายติดสิ่งที่ชุบ

กล้า

(adj) hardened, See Also: strong, stiff, Syn. แข็ง, แข็งกล้า, มั่นคง, Example:ที่สหภาพโซเวียดมีการทำอุตสาหกรรมเหล็กกล้ามาก

ด้านไม้

(v) case-hardened, Example:เด็กถ้าถูกตีมากๆจะด้านไม้, Thai Definition:ถูกตีมากจนชินเลยไม่รู้จักหลาบจำ

ดินเผา

(n) baked clay, See Also: hardened clay, Example:เครื่องดินเผานั้นมีอยู่สองลักษณะคือเครื่องดินเผาชนิดไม่เคลือบและเคลือบ, Thai Definition:วัสดุทำจากดินเหนียวและผ่านความร้อนสูงเพื่อทำให้แข็ง

การแข็งตัว

(n) hardening, Ant. การอ่อนตัว, Example:เขากำลังศึกษาเกี่ยวกับคุณสมบัติการแข็งตัวของเลือด

ด้าน

(adj) rough, See Also: hardened, Syn. หยาบ, กระด้าง, สาก, แข็ง, Ant. นุ่ม, Example:คนใช้หัวเข่าด้านเพราะเธอต้องคุกเข่าถูพื้น

แข็ง

(v) solidify, See Also: harden, be set, Ant. เหลว, นิ่ม, Example:คุณต้องรอให้ปูนปลาสเตอร์แข็งกว่านี้อีกถึงจะลงสีได้, Thai Definition:เปลี่ยนสถานะจากของเหลวเป็นของแข็ง

Thai-English-French: Volubilis Dictionary 1.0 Volubilis Dictionary (TH-EN-FR)

ด้าน

[dān] (v) EN: be hardened ; be callous ; be inured

ด้าน

[dān] (adj) EN: rough ; hardened ; hard ; calloused

ด้านไม้

[dānmāi] (adj) EN: case-hardened ; inured to the rod

ดินเผา

[dinphao] (n) EN: baked clay ; pottery ; terra-cotta ; hardened clay FR: terre cuite [ f ]

แข็ง

[khaeng] (v) EN: stiffen ; harden FR: rigidifier ; affermir

เกร็ง

[kreng] (v) EN: contract ; harden ; tense ; shorten ; reduce ; shrink FR: contracter

พรรดึก

[phanradeuk] (n) EN: hardened feces FR: constipation [ f ]

ทำให้แข็ง

[thamhai khaeng] (v) EN: harden FR: durcir

ทำให้แกร่งกล้า

[thamhai kraengklā] (v) EN: harden

ทำใจแข็ง

[thamjai khaeng] (v, exp) EN: harden one's heart

ตัวอย่างประโยคจาก Tanaka JP-EN Corpus ตัวอย่างประโยคจาก Tanaka JP-EN Corpus

harden

And so the method that works is treading down the snow to harden it, making blocks and piling them up.

harden

He hardened clay by putting it in a fire.

harden

He hardened his heart against her.

harden

I became hardened to punishing pupils.

harden

The heat of the sun hardens clay.

harden

Years of farm work has hardened his body.

CMU English Pronouncing Dictionary Dictionary [with local updates] CMU Pronouncing Dictionary

Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary (pronunciation guide only) Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary

harden

(v) /hˈɑːdn/ /ฮา ดึ น/ /h aa1 d n/

hardens

(v) /hˈɑːdnz/ /ฮา ดึ น สึ/ /h aa1 d n z/

hardened

(v, v) /hˈɑːdnd/ /ฮา ดึ น ดึ/ /h aa1 d n d/

hardening

(v) /hˈɑːdnɪŋ/ /ฮ้า ดึ หนิ่ง/ /h aa1 d n i ng/

case-hardened

(adj) /kˈeɪs-hɑːdənd/ /เค้ สึ ห่า เดิ่น ดึ/ /k ei1 s - h aa d @ n d/

WordNet (3.0) WordNet (3.0)

case-hardened

(adj) used of persons; emotionally hardened, Syn. hard-boiled, hardened, Example:faced a case-hardened judge

case-hardened steel

(n) steel with a surface that is much harder than the interior metal

face-harden

(v) harden steel by adding carbon

harden

(v) become hard or harder, Syn. indurate, Ant. soften, Example:The wax hardened

harden

(v) make hard or harder, Syn. indurate, Ant. soften, Example:The cold hardened the butter

hardenbergia

(n) small genus of Australian woody vines with small violet flowers; closely related to genus Kennedia, Syn. genus Hardenbergia

hardening

(n) abnormal hardening or thickening of tissue

hardening

(n) the process of becoming hard or solid by cooling or drying or crystallization, Syn. set, curing, solidifying, solidification, Example:the hardening of concrete; he tested the set of the glue

hardening

(n) the act of making something harder (firmer or tighter or more compact)

oil-hardened steel

(n) steel that is quenched in oil

arteriosclerosis

(n) sclerosis of the arterial walls, Syn. coronary-artery disease, induration of the arteries, arterial sclerosis, hardening of the arteries

enured

(adj) made tough by habitual exposure; ; - Robert Lynd; - V.S.Pritchett, Syn. hardened, inured, Example:hardened fishermen; a peasant, dark, lean-faced, wind-inured; our successors...may be graver, more inured and equable men

inure

(v) cause to accept or become hardened to; habituate, Syn. harden, indurate, Example:He was inured to the cold

season

(v) make fit, Syn. harden, Example:This trip will season even the hardiest traveller

temper

(v) harden by reheating and cooling in oil, Syn. harden, Example:temper steel

untempered

(adj) not brought to a proper consistency or hardness, Syn. unhardened, Ant. tempered, Example:untempered mortar; untempered steel

western australia coral pea

(n) vigorous climber of the forests of western Australia; grown for their dense racemes of attractive bright rose-purple flowers, Syn. Hardenbergia comnptoniana

The Collaborative International Dictionary of English (GCIDE) v.0.53 Collaborative International Dictionary (GCIDE)

battle-hardened

a. Experienced in combat, and therefore more effective at fighting; -- used mostly of infantry troops; as, battle-hardened veterans.
Syn. -- combat-hardened, combat-tested. [ PJC ]

Caseharden

v. t. 1. To subject to a process which converts the surface of iron into steel. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. To render insensible to good influences. [ 1913 Webster ]

Casehardened

a. 1. Having the surface hardened, as iron tools. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Hardened against, or insusceptible to, good influences; rendered callous by persistence in wrongdoing or resistance of good influences; -- said of persons. [ 1913 Webster ]

Casehardening

n. The act or process of converting the surface of iron into steel. Ure. [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ Casehardening is now commonly effected by cementation with charcoal or other carbonizing material, the depth and degree of hardening (carbonization) depending on the time during which the iron is exposed to the heat. See Cementation. [ 1913 Webster ]

Enharden

v. t. [ Pref. en- + harden: cf. F. enhardir to embolden. ] To harden; to embolden. [ Obs. ] Howell. [ 1913 Webster ]

face-harden

v. t. to harden (steel) by adding carbon. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

Hammer-harden

v. t. To harden, as a metal, by hammering it in the cold state. [ 1913 Webster ]

Harden

v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Hardened p. pr. & vb. n. Hardening ] [ OE. hardnen, hardenen. ] 1. To make hard or harder; to make firm or compact; to indurate; as, to harden clay or iron. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. To accustom by labor or suffering to endure with constancy; to strengthen; to stiffen; to inure; also, to confirm in wickedness or shame; to make unimpressionable. “Harden not your heart.” Ps. xcv. 8. [ 1913 Webster ]

I would harden myself in sorrow. Job vi. 10. [ 1913 Webster ]

Harden

v. i. 1. To become hard or harder; to acquire solidity, or more compactness; as, mortar hardens by drying. [ 1913 Webster ]

The deliberate judgment of those who knew him [ A. Lincoln ] has hardened into tradition. The Century. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. To become confirmed or strengthened, in either a good or a bad sense. [ 1913 Webster ]

They, hardened more by what might most reclaim. Milton. [ 1913 Webster ]

Hardenbergia

prop. n. A small genus of Australian woody vines with small violet flowers; closely related to genus Kennedia.
Syn. -- genus Hardenbergia. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

Hardened

a. 1. Made hard, or harder, or compact; made unfeeling or callous; made obstinate or obdurate; confirmed in error or vice.

2. Rendered resistant to the effects of nearby explosions; as, a hardened missile silo; hardened warhead electronics. [ PJC ]

3. Experienced and inured to hardship; as, hardened combat troops. [ PJC ]

4. Strongly habituated to a certain type of behavior, and unlikely to change; as, a hardened criminal. Usually used only of behavior perceived negatively. [ PJC ]

Syn. -- Impenetrable; hard; obdurate; callous; unfeeling; unsusceptible; insensible. See Obdurate. [ 1913 Webster ]

Hardener

n. One who, or that which, hardens; specif., one who tempers tools. [ 1913 Webster ]

Hardening

n. 1. Making hard or harder. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. That which hardens, as a material used for converting the surface of iron into steel. [ 1913 Webster ]

Overharden

v. t. To harden too much; to make too hard. Boyle. [ 1913 Webster ]

Self-hardening

a. (Metal.) Designating, or pert. to, any of various steels that harden when heated to above a red heat and cooled in air, usually in a blast of cold air with moderate rapidity, without quenching. Such steels are alloys of iron and carbon with manganese, tungsten and manganese, chromium, molybdenum and manganese, etc. They are chiefly used as high-speed steels. -- Self`-hard"en*ed, a. [Webster 1913 Suppl.]

Chinese-English: CC-CEDICT Dictionary CC-CEDICT CN-EN Dictionary

硬化

[硬化, yìng huà] to harden; hardening; sclerosis; fig. to become rigid or inflexible in opinions; to ossify #13719

动脉硬化

[动脉硬化 / 動脈硬化, dòng mài yìng huà] hardening of the arteries; arteriosclerosis #26227

淬火

[淬火, cuì huǒ] quench; temper (e.g. steel); harden by quenching #40108

老茧

[老茧 / 老繭, lǎo jiǎn] callus (patch or hardened skin); corns (on feet); also 老趼, See Also: 老趼 #53931

板结

[板结 / 板結, bǎn jié] harden #55080

茧子

[茧子 / 繭子, jiǎn zi] callus (patch or hardened skin); corns (on feet); also 趼子, See Also: 趼子 #69907

趼

[趼, jiǎn] callus (patch or hardened skin); corns (on the feet) #84624

鞘翅

[鞘翅, qiào chì] elytrum (hardened forewing of Coleoptera beetle, encasing the flight wing) #224672

使硬化

[使硬化, shǐ yìng huà] harden

抗核加固

[抗核加固, kàng hé jiā gù] nuclear hardening

老趼

[老趼, lǎo jiǎn] callus (patch or hardened skin); corns (on feet)

血管粥样硬化

[血管粥样硬化 / 血管粥樣硬化, xuè guǎn zhōu yàng yìng huà] atherosclerosis; hardening of the arteries

趼子

[趼子, jiǎn zi] callus (patch or hardened skin); corns (on the feet)

鼻牛儿

[鼻牛儿 / 鼻牛兒, bí niú er] hardened mucus in nostrils

Japanese-Thai-English: Saikam Dictionary Saikam JP-TH-EN Dictionary

固まる

[かたまる, katamaru] TH: แข็งขึ้น

固まる

[かたまる, katamaru] EN: (vi) to harden

固める

[かためる, katameru] TH: ทำให้แข็ง

固める

[かためる, katameru] EN: to harden (vt)

Japanese-English: EDICT Dictionary EDICT JP-EN Dictionary

固め(P);堅め

[かため, katame] (adj-na, n) (1) hardening; fortifying; (2) (固め only) pledge; vow; (3) (固め only) defense; defence; guarding; (P) #6042

ずぶ焼き入れ

[ずぶやきいれ, zubuyakiire] (n) immersion quenching (hardening by dropping heated metal into water or oil)

乾固

[かんこ, kanko] (n, vs) dry and harden

乾固まる

[ひかたまる, hikatamaru] (v5r) to dry and harden

興し;興;粔籹(oK)

[おこし, okoshi] (n) (uk) millet or rice cake, roasted and hardened with starch syrup and sugar (sometimes including peanuts, etc.)

凝り;凝;痼り

[しこり;こり(凝り;凝), shikori ; kori ( kori ; gyou )] (n) (1) stiffness (in shoulders); swelling; hardening; (2) (しこり only) lingering discomfort; uneasiness; bad aftertaste; unpleasant feeling

凝る;痼る

[しこる, shikoru] (v5r, vi) to stiffen; to harden

凝固点

[ぎょうこてん, gyoukoten] (n) hardening point; freezing point; congealing point

固まる

[かたまる, katamaru] (v5r, vi) (1) to harden; to solidify; (2) to become firm; to become certain; (3) to gather (together); to assemble; to huddle together; (P)

固める(P);堅める

[かためる, katameru] (v1, vt) (1) (See 土を固める・つちをかためる) to harden; to freeze; to strengthen; to solidify; to make (a fist); to tramp down (snow, dirt); (2) to put together; to collect; to gather; to consolidate; (3) (See 身を固める・みをかためる) to make secure; to stabilize; to settle down; to strengthen (belief, resolution, etc.); to establish (evidence); (4) (See 国境を固める・こっきょうをかためる, 嘘で固める・うそでかためる) to fortify; to reinforce; to support; (5) (in the form に身をかためる) to wear for a specific purpose (armor, coat, etc.); (6) to swear; to resolutely vow; to sincerely promise; (7) to tie tightly; to fasten; (8) to hold a bow fully drawn; (P)

硬化剤

[こうかざい, koukazai] (n) hardener; curative agent; stiffening agent

荒んだ心

[すさんだこころ, susandakokoro] (n) dissolute mind; hardened heart

黒ぼく;黒ぼこ

[くろぼく(黒ぼく);くろぼこ(黒ぼこ), kuroboku ( kuro boku ); kuroboko ( kuro boko )] (n) (1) (obsc) (See ぼくぼく) crumbly black topsoil; (2) porous hardened lava

札付き;札付(io)

[ふだつき, fudatsuki] (adj-no, n) (1) tagged (esp. with a price); (2) notorious; infamous; double-dyed; hardened

歯固め;歯固(io)

[はがため, hagatame] (n) (1) tooth hardening toy (for infants); teether; teething ring; (2) tooth hardening meal; New Year's feast

焼きを入れる

[やきをいれる, yakiwoireru] (exp, v1) to temper; to harden; to torture; to discipline

焼き入れ;焼入れ

[やきいれ, yakiire] (n) hardening; tempering

心を鬼にする

[こころをおににする, kokorowooninisuru] (exp, vs-i) to harden one's heart

鍛錬(P);鍛練

[たんれん, tanren] (n, vs) tempering; forging; hardening; disciplining; training; (P)

塗り固める;塗固める

[ぬりかためる, nurikatameru] (v1) to coat a surface with something that adheres strongly when hardened (i.e. grout, plaster, lacquer)

土を固める

[つちをかためる, tsuchiwokatameru] (exp, v1) to harden earth into a mass

踏み締める;踏みしめる

[ふみしめる, fumishimeru] (v1, vt) to step firmly; to harden by treading

動脈硬化

[どうみゃくこうか, doumyakukouka] (n, vs) arteriosclerosis; hardening of the arteries; (P)

動脈硬化症

[どうみゃくこうかしょう, doumyakukoukashou] (n) arteriosclerosis; hardening of the arteries

熱硬化剤

[ねつこうかざい, netsukoukazai] (n) hardener (catalyst in hardening thermosetting materials)

糞石

[ふんせき, funseki] (n) (1) coproma (hardened feces inside the colon); fecaloma; stercoroma; (2) coprolite

練り固める

[ねりかためる, nerikatameru] (v1, vt) to harden by kneading

German-English: TU-Chemnitz DING Dictionary DING DE-EN Dictionary

Aushärtung { f }

age hardening

Durchhärtezeit { f }

full-hardening time

Flammenhärtung { f }

flame hardening

Härtemittel { n } | Härtemittel { pl }

hardener | hardeners

Härten { n }; Aushärten { n }; Aushärtung { f }

hardening

Kalthämmern { n }

peen hardening

Kalthärten { n }

strain harden

Laserstrahlhärten { n }

laser-beam hardening

Luftkalk { m }

air hardening lime

Luftkanal { m }

air hardening lime

Segel { n } | Segel { pl } | mit aufgezogenen Segeln | mit gesetzten Segeln | Segel setzen | Segel dichtholen

Stahl { m } | Stähle { pl } | bandbeschichteter Stahl | durchhärtbare Stähle | Einsatzstähle | gezogener Stahl | lufthärtende Stähle | Nitrierstähle

Verfestigung { f }

strain hardening

Welle { f } [ techn. ] | gehärtete Welle { f }

shaft | hardened shaft

abbinden (Beton)

to set (concrete); to harden; to set hard

abhärten; verhärten | abhärtend; verhärtend | abgehärtet; verhärtet

to harden | hardening | hardened

einsatzhärten

to case-harden

gehärtet

hardened

härten | härtend | härtet

to harden | hardening | hardens

kaltgehärtet

strain hardened

kalthärtend

strain hardening

vergüten; tempern; verbessern [ techn. ] | vergütet | vergüteter Stahl

to temper | hardened and tempered | hardened and tempered steel

verhärtet

hardens

sich versteifen (Gegensätze)

to harden

Die Kurse geben nach (ziehen an).

Prices are softening (hardening).

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%harden%

Longdo Dict

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