[bāo] (n) EN: servant ; slave ; slavey ; menial ; lackey ; stooge FR: serviteur [ m ] ; esclave [ m, f ] ; valet [ m ] ; laquais [ m ] ; domestique [ m, f ] ; serf [ m ] ; subalterne [ m ] ; bonne [ f ] ; boniche [ f ] (pop.) ; servante [ f ] (anc.) ; larbin [ m ] (fam.) ; soufre-douleur [ m ]

CMU English Pronouncing Dictionary Dictionary [with local updates] CMU Pronouncing Dictionary

serf

/S ER1 F/ /เซอ (ร) ฝึ/

serfs

/S ER1 F S/ /เซอ (ร) ฝึ สึ/

serfin

/S ER1 F IH0 N/ /เซ้อ (ร) ฝิ่น/

serfin

/S EH1 R F IH0 N/ /แซ้ (ร) ฝิ่น/

serfass

/S ER1 F AE2 S/ /เซ้อ (ร) แฟ สึ/

serfling

/S ER1 F L IH0 NG/ /เซ้อ (ร) ฝลิ่ง/

Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary (pronunciation guide only) Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary

serf

(n,(count)) /sˈɜːf/ /เซอ ฝึ/ /s @@1 f/

serfs

(n,(count)) /sˈɜːfs/ /เซอ ฝึ สึ/ /s @@1 f s/

serfdom

(n,(uncount)) /sˈɜːfdəm/ /เซ้อ ฝึ เดิ่ม/ /s @@1 f d @ m/

WordNet (3.0) WordNet (3.0)

serf

(n) (Middle Ages) a person who is bound to the land and owned by the feudal lord, Syn. helot, villein

serfdom

(n) the state of a serf, Syn. vassalage, serfhood

serflike

(adj) like someone in servitude

The Collaborative International Dictionary of English (GCIDE) v.0.53 Collaborative International Dictionary (GCIDE)

Serf

n. [ F., fr. L. serus servant, slave; akin to servare to protect, preserve, observe, and perhaps originally, a client, a man under one's protection. Cf. Serve, v. t. ] A servant or slave employed in husbandry, and in some countries attached to the soil and transferred with it, as formerly in Russia. [ 1913 Webster ]

In England, at least from the reign of Henry II, one only, and that the inferior species [ of villeins ], existed . . . But by the customs of France and Germany, persons in this abject state seem to have been called serfs, and distinguished from villeins, who were only bound to fixed payments and duties in respect of their lord, though, as it seems, without any legal redress if injured by him. Hallam. [ 1913 Webster ]

Syn. -- Serf, Slave. A slave is the absolute property of his master, and may be sold in any way. A serf, according to the strict sense of the term, is one bound to work on a certain estate, and thus attached to the soil, and sold with it into the service of whoever purchases the land. [ 1913 Webster ]

Serfdom

{ } n. The state or condition of a serf. [ 1913 Webster ]

Serfism

/mhw>, n. Serfage. [ 1913 Webster ]

Chinese-English: CC-CEDICT Dictionary CC-CEDICT CN-EN Dictionary

役

[役, yì] forced labor; corvée; obligatory task; military service; to use as servant; to enserf; a servant (in former times); a war; a campaign; a battle #10504

农奴

[农奴 / 農奴, nóng nú] serf #44985

劳役

[劳役 / 勞役, láo yì] forced labor; corvée (labor required of a serf); animal labor #57506

耕奴

[耕奴, gēng nú] agricultural slave; serf

Japanese-English: EDICT Dictionary EDICT JP-EN Dictionary

農奴

[のうど, noudo] (n) serf

農奴解放

[のうどかいほう, noudokaihou] (n) emancipation of serfs

被官;被管

[ひかん, hikan] (n) (1) lower government office (ritsuryo period); (2) servant of a higher ranking person (during the middle ages); retainer; (3) servant of an urban family; (4) (See 被官百姓) serf

被官百姓

[ひかんびゃくしょう, hikanbyakushou] (n) (obsc) serf

German-English: TU-Chemnitz DING Dictionary DING DE-EN Dictionary

Abteilungserfolgsrechnung { f }

activity accounting

Abwasserfahne { f }; Schadstofffahne { f }

plume; effluent plume

Anfangserfolg { m }

initial success

Anwendungserfolg { m }

success in application

Auslandserfahrung { f }

experience abroad; international experience

Auslandserfahrung { f }

foreign experience

Berufserfahrung { f }; Arbeitserfahrung { f }

work experience

Berufserfahrung { f }

professional experience

Bodenschicht { f } | wasserführende Bodenschicht

formation | water bearing formation

Erfahrung { f }; Sachkenntnis { f } | Erfahrungen { pl } | praktische Erfahrung { f }; Übung { f } | praktische Erfahrung { f }; Betriebserfahrung { f } | eine Erfahrung machen | Erfahrung sammeln; Erfahrung hinzugewinnen | viele Jahre Erfahrung mit | eine etwa zwanzigjährige Erfahrung | langjährige Erfahrungen in | aus eigener Erfahrung | aus (eigener) Erfahrung wissen | nach unserer Erfahrung | besondere Erfahrung; besondere Berufserfahrung | aus Erfahrung | nach meinen Erfahrungen; nach meiner Erfahrung

Geschäftserfahrung { f }

business experience

Glasfaserfiltermedien { pl }

glass fibre filter media

Grundwasserfragen { pl }

groundwater issues

Grundwasserleiter { m }; wasserführende Schicht im Boden

aquifer

Lebenserfahrung { f } | Lebenserfahrungen { pl }

experience of life | experiences of life

Leibeigene { m, f }; Leibeigener | Leibeigenen { pl }

serf; helot; villeign | serfs

Leibeigenschaft { f }

serfdom

Misserfolg { m }

failure

Praxiserfahrung { f }; praktische Erfahrung { f }

practical experience

Schiff { n }; Luftschiff { n }; Wasserfahrzeug { n }; Fahrzeug { n }

vessel

Tauchboot { n }; Unterwasserfahrzeug { n }

submersible

Unterwasserforscher { m }; Taucher { m }

aquanaut

Unterwasserfahrzeug { n }

submarine vehicle

Verkaufspraxis { f }; Verkaufserfahrung { f }

sales experience

Versagen { m }; Misserfolg { m }; Versager { m }

failure

Vertragserfüllung { f }

fulfilment of contract

Wasserführung { f }

channel flow

Wasserfahrzeug { n } | Wasserfahrzeuge { pl }

water craft; watercraft | water crafts; watercrafts

Wasserfall { m }

waterfall

Wasserfestmachen { n } | Wasserfälle { pl }

waterproofing | waterfalls

Wasserfall { m } (groß)

falls

Wasserfall { m } | Wasserfälle { pl }

cascade; cataract | cascades; cataracts

Wasserfarbe { f }; Aquarell { n } | Wasserfarben { pl }

watercolour [ Br. ]; watercolor [ Am. ] | watercolours; watercolors

Wasserfass { n }

scuttlebutt

Wasserfläche { f } | Wasserflächen { pl }

surface of the water; water surface | surfaces of the water

Wasserflasche { f } | Wasserflaschen { pl }

water bottle | water bottles

Wasserflugzeug { n } | Wasserflugzeuge { pl }

hydroplane; waterplane | hydroplanes; waterplanes

Wasserfontäne { f }

plume of water

fusselfrei; flusenfrei; faserfrei { adj } | fusselfreier Lappen; flusenfreier Lappen

lint-free | lint-free cloth

hasserfüllter Blick; Blick voller Hass

a look full of hate

wasserfrei { adj }

anhydrous

wasserführend { adj }

aquiferous

Er redet wie ein Wasserfall.

He talks his head off.

Schwarzwasserfieber { n } [ med. ]

blackwater fever

Kaiserfasan { m } [ ornith. ]

Imoerial Pheasant

Wasserfasan { m } [ ornith. ]

Pheasant-tailed Jacana

Kaiserfruchttaube { f } [ ornith. ]

Australian Pied Imperial Pigeon

Süßwasserfisch { m } [ zool. ]

freshwater fish

Wasserfloh { m } [ zool. ] | Wasserflöhe { pl }; Daphnien { pl }

water flea | water fleas; daphnia

Afrikanischer Messerfisch { m } (Xenomystus nigri) [ zool. ]

African knife fish

Japanese-German: JDDICT Dictionary JDDICT JP-DE Dictionary

失敗

[しっぱい, shippai] Misserfolg, Misslingen

恨めしい

[うらめしい, urameshii] grollend, vorwurfsvoll, -bitter, hasserfuellt, bedauerlich

滝

[たき, taki] Wasserfall

滝つぼ

[たきつぼ, takitsubo] Bassin_unter_einem_Wasserfall

滝口

[たきぐち, takiguchi] Beginn_eines_Wasserfalls, oberes_Ende_eines_Wasserfalls

滝登り

[たきのぼり, takinobori] einen_Wasserfall_hinaufschwimmen

舌打ち

[したうち, shitauchi] das_Schnalzen_mit_der_Zunge (bei Misserfolg)

舟艇

[しゅうてい, shuutei] Wasserfahrzeug, -Boot

華厳の滝

[けごんのたき, kegonnotaki] (Wasserfall in der Naehe von Nikko)

防水

[ぼうすい, bousui] wasserdicht, wasserfest

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