English-Thai: NECTEC's Lexitron-2 Dictionary [with local updates] NECTEC Lexitron Dictionary EN-TH
English-Thai: HOPE Dictionary [with local updates] Hope Dictionary
(เกราดฺ'เวิร์ค) n. รากฐาน, พื้นฐาน, การเตรียมตัว, Syn. basis
English-Thai: Nontri Dictionary Nontri Dictionary
(n) รากฐาน, พื้นฐาน
Thai-English: NECTEC's Lexitron-2 Dictionary [with local updates] NECTEC Lexitron-2 Dictionary (TH-EN)
(n) foundation, See Also: groundwork, base, basis, Example:หากรากฐานของสิ่งก่อสร้างไม่แข็งแรงจะทำให้สิ่งก่อสร้างนั้นมีอายุการใช้งานสั้นลง, Thai Definition:สิ่งที่รองรับไว้ให้ต่อยอดขึ้นไปได้
CMU English Pronouncing Dictionary Dictionary [with local updates] CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary (pronunciation guide only) Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary
WordNet (3.0) WordNet (3.0)
(n) preliminary preparation as a basis or foundation, Example:we are prepared today because of groundwork that was done ten years ago
The Collaborative International Dictionary of English (GCIDE) v.0.53 Collaborative International Dictionary (GCIDE)
n. That which forms the foundation or support of anything; the basis; the essential or fundamental part; first principle;
Japanese-English: EDICT Dictionary EDICT JP-EN Dictionary
[したじ, shitaji] (n) groundwork; foundation; inclination; aptitude; elementary knowledge of; grounding in; prearrangement; spadework; signs; symptoms; first coat of plastering; soy; (P) #17483
[guraundowa-ku] (n) groundwork
[ねまわし, nemawashi] (n, vs) making necessary arrangements; laying the groundwork; (P)
[じぜんこうさく, jizenkousaku] (n) preparatory operations; measure taken in advance; doing the groundwork
[じならし, jinarashi] (n, vs) ground levelling (leveling); laying groundwork; smoothing the way
[じがため, jigatame] (n, vs) ground leveling; ground levelling; groundwork; laying foundations
German-English: TU-Chemnitz DING Dictionary DING DE-EN Dictionary
Vorarbeit { f }; Grundlage { f } | die Vorarbeit für etw. leisten
groundwork | to do the groundwork for sth.
เพิ่มคำศัพท์
ทราบความหมายของคำศัพท์นี้? กด [เพิ่มคำศัพท์] เพื่อใส่คำนี้พร้อมความหมาย เพื่อเป็นวิทยาทานแก่ผู้ใช้ท่านอื่น ๆ
'%3e%3cpath%20d='M13.7001%2011.6957H3.30006C3.08006%2011.6957%202.90006%2011.8733%202.90006%2012.0904V12.8799C2.90006%2013.097%203.08006%2013.2746%203.30006%2013.2746H13.7001C13.9201%2013.2746%2014.1001%2013.097%2014.1001%2012.8799V12.0904C14.1001%2011.8733%2013.9201%2011.6957%2013.7001%2011.6957ZM15.3001%203.80096C14.6376%203.80096%2014.1001%204.33139%2014.1001%204.98517C14.1001%205.16034%2014.1401%205.32317%2014.2101%205.47366L12.4001%206.54438C12.0151%206.77136%2011.5176%206.64307%2011.2951%206.2582L9.25756%202.74011C9.52506%202.523%209.70006%202.19734%209.70006%201.82728C9.70006%201.17349%209.16256%200.643066%208.50006%200.643066C7.83756%200.643066%207.30006%201.17349%207.30006%201.82728C7.30006%202.19734%207.47506%202.523%207.74256%202.74011L5.70506%206.2582C5.48256%206.64307%204.98256%206.77136%204.60006%206.54438L2.79256%205.47366C2.86006%205.32563%202.90256%205.16034%202.90256%204.98517C2.90256%204.33139%202.36506%203.80096%201.70256%203.80096C1.04006%203.80096%200.500061%204.33139%200.500061%204.98517C0.500061%205.63895%201.03756%206.16938%201.70006%206.16938C1.76506%206.16938%201.83006%206.15951%201.89256%206.14965L3.70006%2010.9062H13.3001L15.1076%206.14965C15.1701%206.15951%2015.2351%206.16938%2015.3001%206.16938C15.9626%206.16938%2016.5001%205.63895%2016.5001%204.98517C16.5001%204.33139%2015.9626%203.80096%2015.3001%203.80096Z'%20fill='%23FFE713'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cdefs%3e%3cclipPath%20id='clip0_3472_3618'%3e%3crect%20width='16'%20height='12.6316'%20fill='white'%20transform='translate(0.500061%200.643066)'/%3e%3c/clipPath%3e%3c/defs%3e%3c/svg%3e)