[ōn chāt] (v, exp) EN: become a naturalized citizen ; change one's nationality ; become nationalized FR: être naturalisé ; changer de nationalité

แปลงชาติ

[plaēng chāt] (v, exp) EN: naturalize FR: naturaliser

ธรรมชาติ

[thammachāt] (adj) EN: natural ; native ; naturalistic FR: naturel ; inné

ธรรมชาตินิยม

[thammachātniyom] (n) EN: naturalism FR: naturalisme [ m ]

CMU English Pronouncing Dictionary Dictionary [with local updates] CMU Pronouncing Dictionary

naturalism

/N AE1 CH ER0 AH0 L IH2 Z AH0 M/ /แน้ เฉ่อ (ร) เหรอะ ลิ เสิ่ม/

naturalism

/N AE1 CH R AH0 L IH2 Z AH0 M/ /แน้ ฉึ เหรอะ ลิ เสิ่ม/

naturalist

/N AE1 CH ER0 AH0 L AH0 S T/ /แน้ เฉ่อ (ร) เหรอะ เหลอะ สึ ถึ/

naturalist

/N AE1 CH R AH0 L AH0 S T/ /แน้ ฉึ เหรอะ เหลอะ สึ ถึ/

naturalists

/N AE1 CH ER0 AH0 L IH0 S T S/ /แน้ เฉ่อ (ร) เหรอะ หลิ สึ ถึ สึ/

naturalists

/N AE1 CH R AH0 L IH0 S T S/ /แน้ ฉึ เหรอะ หลิ สึ ถึ สึ/

naturalists

/N AE1 CH ER0 AH0 L IH0 S/ /แน้ เฉ่อ (ร) เหรอะ หลิ สึ/

naturalistic

/N AE2 CH ER0 AH0 L IH1 S T IH0 K/ /แน เฉ่อ (ร) เหรอะ ลิ สึ ติ ขึ/

naturalistic

/N AE2 CH R AH0 L IH1 S T IH0 K/ /แน ฉึ เหรอะ ลิ สึ ติ ขึ/

naturalists(4)

/N AE1 CH R AH0 L IH0 S/ /แน้ ฉึ เหรอะ หลิ สึ/

Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary (pronunciation guide only) Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary

naturalism

(n,(uncount)) /nˈætʃrəlɪzəm/ /แน้ ฉึ เหรอะ หลิ เสิ่ม/ /n a1 ch r @ l i z @ m/

naturalist

(n,(count)) /nˈætʃrəlɪst/ /แน้ ฉึ เหรอะ หลิ สึ ถึ/ /n a1 ch r @ l i s t/

naturalists

(n,(count)) /nˈætʃrəlɪsts/ /แน้ ฉึ เหรอะ หลิ สึ ถึ สึ/ /n a1 ch r @ l i s t s/

naturalistic

(adj) /nˌætʃrəlˈɪstɪk/ /แน ฉึ เหรอะ ลิ สึ ติ ขึ/ /n a2 ch r @ l i1 s t i k/

WordNet (3.0) WordNet (3.0)

naturalism

(n) (philosophy) the doctrine that the world can be understood in scientific terms without recourse to spiritual or supernatural explanations

naturalism

(n) an artistic movement in 19th century France; artists and writers strove for detailed realistic and factual description, Syn. realism

naturalist

(n) an advocate of the doctrine that the world can be understood in scientific terms

naturalist

(n) a biologist knowledgeable about natural history (especially botany and zoology), Syn. natural scientist

naturalistic

(adj) representing what is real; not abstract or ideal, Syn. realistic, Example:realistic portraiture; a realistic novel; in naturalistic colors; the school of naturalistic writers

The Collaborative International Dictionary of English (GCIDE) v.0.53 Collaborative International Dictionary (GCIDE)

Naturalism

n. [ Cf. F. naturalisme. ] 1. A state of nature; conformity to nature. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. (Metaph.) The doctrine of those who deny a supernatural agency in the miracles and revelations recorded in the Bible, and in spiritual influences; also, any system of philosophy which refers the phenomena of nature to a blind force or forces acting necessarily or according to fixed laws, excluding origination or direction by one intelligent will. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. The theory that art or literature should conform to nature; realism; also, the quality, rendering, or expression of art or literature executed according to this theory. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

4. Specifically: The principles and characteristics professed or represented by a 19th-century school of realistic writers, notably by Zola and Maupassant, who aimed to give a literal transcription of reality, and laid special stress on the analytic study of character, and on the scientific and experimental nature of their observation of life. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

naturalist

n. [ Cf. F. naturaliste. ] 1. One versed in natural science; a student of natural history, esp. of the natural history of plants or animals; a botanist or zoologist. [ 1913 Webster +PJC ]

2. One who holds or maintains the doctrine of naturalism in religion. H. Bushnell. [ 1913 Webster ]

Naturalistic

a. 1. Belonging to the doctrines of naturalism. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Closely resembling nature; realistic. “Naturalistic bit of pantomime.” W. D. Howells. [ 1913 Webster ]

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自然主义