From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:
Pallium \Pal"li*um\, n.; pl. L. {Pallia}, E. {Palliums}. [L. See
{Pall} the garment.]
1. (Anc. Costume) A large, square, woolen cloak which
enveloped the whole person, worn by the Greeks and by
certain Romans. It is the Roman name of a Greek garment.
[1913 Webster]
2. (R. C. Ch.) A band of white wool, worn on the shoulders,
with four purple crosses worked on it; a pall.
[1913 Webster]
Note: The wool is obtained from two lambs brought to the
basilica of St. Agnes, Rome, and blessed. It is worn by
the pope, and sent to patriarchs, primates, and
archbishops, as a sign that they share in the plenitude
of the episcopal office. Before it is sent, the pallium
is laid on the tomb of St. Peter, where it remains all
night.
[1913 Webster]
3. (Zool.)
(a) The mantle of a bivalve. See {Mantle}.
(b) The mantle of a bird.
[1913 Webster]
From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]:
pallium
n 1: the layer of unmyelinated neurons (the grey matter) forming
the cortex of the cerebrum [syn: {cerebral cortex},
{cerebral mantle}, {pallium}, {cortex}]
2: (zoology) a protective layer of epidermis in mollusks or
brachiopods that secretes a substance forming the shell [syn:
{mantle}, {pallium}]
3: (Roman Catholic Church) vestment consisting of a band
encircling the shoulders with two lappets hanging in front
and back
4: cloak or mantle worn by men in ancient Rome
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