From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:
Saccharomyces \Sac`cha*ro*my"ces\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? sugar + ?,
?, a fungus.] (Biol.)
A genus of budding fungi, the various species of which have
the power, to a greater or less extent, or splitting up sugar
into alcohol and carbonic acid. They are the active agents in
producing fermentation of wine, beer, etc. {Saccharomyces
cerevisiae} is the yeast of sedimentary beer. Also called
{Torula}.
[1913 Webster]
From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:
Alcohol \Al"co*hol\ ([a^]l"k[-o]*h[o^]l), n. [Cf. F. alcool,
formerly written alcohol, Sp. alcohol alcohol, antimony,
galena, OSp. alcofol; all fr. Ar. al-kohl a powder of
antimony or galena, to paint the eyebrows with. The name was
afterwards applied, on account of the fineness of this
powder, to highly rectified spirits, a signification unknown
in Arabia. The Sp. word has both meanings. Cf. {Alquifou}.]
1. An impalpable powder. [Obs.]
[1913 Webster]
2. The fluid essence or pure spirit obtained by distillation.
[Obs.] --Boyle.
[1913 Webster]
3. Pure spirit of wine; pure or highly rectified spirit
(called also {ethyl alcohol} or {ethanol}, {CH3.CH2.OH});
the spirituous or intoxicating element of fermented or
distilled liquors, or more loosely a liquid containing it
in considerable quantity. It is extracted by simple
distillation from various vegetable juices and infusions
of a saccharine nature, which have undergone vinous
fermentation.
Note: [The ferementation is usually carried out by addition
of brewer's yeast, {Saccharomyces cerevisiae} to an
aqueous solution containing carbohydrates.]
[1913 Webster +PJC]
Note: As used in the U. S. "Pharmacop[oe]ia," alcohol
contains 91 per cent by weight of ethyl alcohol and 9
per cent of water; and diluted alcohol (proof spirit)
contains 45.5 per cent by weight of ethyl alcohol and
54.5 per cent of water.
[1913 Webster]
4. (Organic Chem.) A class of compounds analogous to vinic
alcohol in constitution. Chemically speaking, they are
hydroxides of certain organic radicals; as, the radical
ethyl forms common or {ethyl alcohol} ({C2H5.OH}); methyl
forms {methyl alcohol} ({CH3.OH}) or {wood alcohol}; amyl
forms {amyl alcohol} ({C5H11.OH}) or {fusel oil}, etc.
[1913 Webster]
From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]:
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
n 1: used as a leaven in baking and brewing [syn: {baker's
yeast}, {brewer's yeast}, {Saccharomyces cerevisiae}]
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