voluntarism

n. 1. (Philosophy) Any theory which conceives will to be the dominant factor in experience or in the constitution of the world; -- contrasted with intellectualism. Schopenhauer and Fichte are typical exponents of the two types of metaphysical voluntarism, Schopenhauer teaching that the evolution of the universe is the activity of a blind and irrational will, Fichte holding that the intelligent activity of the ego is the fundamental fact of reality. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

2. The principle or practice of depending on volunteers to support institutions or perform some desired action. [ PJC ]

3. A political philosophy opposed to dependence on governmental action or support for social services that might be performed by private groups. [ PJC ]