ratchet

n. [ Properly a diminutive from the same word as rack: cf. F. rochet. See 2d Ratch, Rack the instrument. ] 1. A pawl, click, or detent, for holding or propelling a ratchet wheel, or ratch, etc. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. A mechanism composed of a ratchet wheel, or ratch, and pawl. See Ratchet wheel, below, and 2d Ratch. [ 1913 Webster ]

Ratchet brace (Mech.), a boring brace, having a ratchet wheel and pawl for rotating the tool by back and forth movements of the brace handle. --
Ratchet drill, a portable machine for working a drill by hand, consisting of a hand lever carrying at one end a drill holder which is revolved by means of a ratchet wheel and pawl, by swinging the lever back and forth. --
Ratchet wheel (Mach.), a circular wheel having teeth, usually angular, with which a reciprocating pawl engages to turn the wheel forward, or a stationary pawl to hold it from turning backward. [ 1913 Webster ]

[ 1913 Webster ]

☞ In the cut, the moving pawl c slides over the teeth in one direction, but in returning, draws the wheel with it, while the pawl d prevents it from turning in the contrary direction. [ 1913 Webster ]