| australopithecus afarensis | (n) fossils found in Ethiopia; from 3.5 to 4 million years ago |
| australopithecus africanus | (n) gracile hominid of southern Africa; from about 3 million years ago |
| australopithecus boisei | (n) large-toothed hominid of eastern Africa; from 1 to 2 million years ago |
| australopithecus robustus | (n) large-toothed hominid of southern Africa; from 1.5 to 2 million years ago; formerly Paranthropus |