| の | [no] (prt) (See 乃) indicates possessive among other uses (for full details and examples see the main entry (linked)) #1 [Add to Longdo] |
| に | [ni] (prt) indicates such things as location of person or thing, location of short-term action, etc.; (P) #2 [Add to Longdo] |
| を | [wo] (prt) (1) indicates direct object of action; (2) indicates subject of causative expression; (3) indicates an area traversed; (4) indicates time (period) over which action takes place; (5) indicates point of departure or separation of action; (6) (See が) indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.; (P) #3 [Add to Longdo] |
| は | [ha] (prt) (1) (pronounced わ in modern Japanese) topic marker particle; (2) indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); (3) adds emphasis; (P) #4 [Add to Longdo] |
| が | [ga] (prt) (1) indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); (2) indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); (prt, conj) (3) but; however; still; and; (P) #6 [Add to Longdo] |
| た | [ta] (aux-v) (1) (だ after certain verb forms) (See だ・2) indicate past completed or action; (2) (See だ・3) indicates light imperative #7 [Add to Longdo] |
| で | [de] (prt) (1) indicates location of action; at; in; (2) indicates time of action; (3) indicates means of action; cause of effect; by; (conj) (4) and then; so; (aux) (5) (alternate form of 〜て used for some verb types) (See て) indicates continuing action; (P) #8 [Add to Longdo] |
| て | [te] (aux) (で after certain verb forms) (See で・5) indicates continuing action #9 [Add to Longdo] |
| さ | [sa] (suf) (1) -ness (nominalizing suffix indicating degree or condition); (prt) (2) (sentence end, mainly masc.) indicates assertion; (int) (3) (See さあ) come; come now; (P) #15 [Add to Longdo] |
| な | [na] (prt) (1) (sentence end, mainly masc.) indicates emotion or emphasis; (2) (abbr) (from なさい) (used with masu stem verb) command; (3) (used with dictionary form verb) prohibition; (P) #24 [Add to Longdo] |
