From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:
pain \pain\ (p[=a]n), n. [OE. peine, F. peine, fr. L. poena,
penalty, punishment, torment, pain; akin to Gr. poinh`
penalty. Cf. {Penal}, {Pine} to languish, {Punish}.]
1. Punishment suffered or denounced; suffering or evil
inflicted as a punishment for crime, or connected with the
commission of a crime; penalty. --Chaucer.
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We will, by way of mulct or pain, lay it upon him.
--Bacon.
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Interpose, on pain of my displeasure. --Dryden.
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None shall presume to fly, under pain of death.
--Addison.
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2. Any uneasy sensation in animal bodies, from slight
uneasiness to extreme distress or torture, proceeding from
a derangement of functions, disease, or injury by
violence; bodily distress; bodily suffering; an ache; a
smart. "The pain of Jesus Christ." --Chaucer.
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Note: Pain may occur in any part of the body where sensory
nerves are distributed, and it is always due to some
kind of stimulation of them. The sensation is generally
interpreted as originating at the peripheral end of the
nerve.
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3. pl. Specifically, the throes or travail of childbirth.
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She bowed herself and travailed, for her pains came
upon her. --1 Sam. iv.
19.
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4. Uneasiness of mind; mental distress; disquietude; anxiety;
grief; solicitude; anguish. Also called {mental pain}.
--Chaucer.
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In rapture as in pain. --Keble.
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5. See {Pains}, labor, effort.
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{Bill of pains and penalties}. See under {Bill}.
{To die in the pain}, to be tortured to death. [Obs.]
--Chaucer.
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From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:
Pain \Pain\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Pained} (p[=a]nd); p. pr. &
vb. n. {Paining}.] [OE. peinen, OF. pener, F. peiner to
fatigue. See {Pain}, n.]
1. To inflict suffering upon as a penalty; to punish. [Obs.]
--Wyclif (Acts xxii. 5).
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2. To put to bodily uneasiness or anguish; to afflict with
uneasy sensations of any degree of intensity; to torment;
to torture; as, his dinner or his wound pained him; his
stomach pained him.
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Excess of cold, as well as heat, pains us. --Locke
.
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3. To render uneasy in mind; to disquiet; to distress; to
grieve; as, a child's faults pain his parents.
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I am pained at my very heart. --Jer. iv. 19.
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{To pain one's self}, to exert or trouble one's self; to take
pains; to be solicitous. [Obs.] "She pained her to do all
that she might." --Chaucer.
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Syn: To disquiet; trouble; afflict; grieve; aggrieve;
distress; agonize; torment; torture.
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From French-English FreeDict Dictionary ver. 0.3.4 [fd-fra-eng]:
pain /pɛ̃/
bread; loaf
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