From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:
Zero \Ze"ro\, n.; pl. {Zeros}or {Zeroes}. [F. z['e]ro, from Ar.
[,c]afrun, [,c]ifrun, empty, a cipher. Cf. {Cipher}.]
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1. (Arith.) A cipher; nothing; naught.
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2. The point from which the graduation of a scale, as of a
thermometer, commences.
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Note: Zero in the Centigrade, or Celsius thermometer, and in
the R['e]aumur thermometer, is at the point at which
water congeals. The zero of the Fahrenheit thermometer
is fixed at the point at which the mercury stands when
immersed in a mixture of snow and common salt. In
Wedgwood's pyrometer, the zero corresponds with
1077[deg] on the Fahrenheit scale. See Illust. of
{Thermometer}.
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3. Fig.: The lowest point; the point of exhaustion; as, his
patience had nearly reached zero.
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{Absolute zero}. See under {Absolute}.
{Zero method} (Physics), a method of comparing, or measuring,
forces, electric currents, etc., by so opposing them that
the pointer of an indicating apparatus, or the needle of a
galvanometer, remains at, or is brought to, zero, as
contrasted with methods in which the deflection is
observed directly; -- called also {null method}.
{Zero point}, the point indicating zero, or the commencement
of a scale or reckoning.
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From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:
Absolute \Ab"so*lute\, a. [L. absolutus, p. p. of absolvere: cf.
F. absolu. See {Absolve}.]
1. Loosed from any limitation or condition; uncontrolled;
unrestricted; unconditional; as, absolute authority,
monarchy, sovereignty, an absolute promise or command;
absolute power; an absolute monarch.
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2. Complete in itself; perfect; consummate; faultless; as,
absolute perfection; absolute beauty.
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So absolute she seems,
And in herself complete. --Milton.
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3. Viewed apart from modifying influences or without
comparison with other objects; actual; real; -- opposed to
{relative} and {comparative}; as, absolute motion;
absolute time or space.
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Note: Absolute rights and duties are such as pertain to man
in a state of nature as contradistinguished from
relative rights and duties, or such as pertain to him
in his social relations.
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4. Loosed from, or unconnected by, dependence on any other
being; self-existent; self-sufficing.
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Note: In this sense God is called the Absolute by the Theist.
The term is also applied by the Pantheist to the
universe, or the total of all existence, as only
capable of relations in its parts to each other and to
the whole, and as dependent for its existence and its
phenomena on its mutually depending forces and their
laws.
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5. Capable of being thought or conceived by itself alone;
unconditioned; non-relative.
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Note: It is in dispute among philosopher whether the term, in
this sense, is not applied to a mere logical fiction or
abstraction, or whether the absolute, as thus defined,
can be known, as a reality, by the human intellect.
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To Cusa we can indeed articulately trace, word
and thing, the recent philosophy of the absolute.
--Sir W.
Hamilton.
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6. Positive; clear; certain; not doubtful. [R.]
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I am absolute 't was very Cloten. --Shak.
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7. Authoritative; peremptory. [R.]
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The peddler stopped, and tapped her on the head,
With absolute forefinger, brown and ringed. --Mrs.
Browning.
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8. (Chem.) Pure; unmixed; as, absolute alcohol.
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9. (Gram.) Not immediately dependent on the other parts of
the sentence in government; as, the case absolute. See
{Ablative absolute}, under {Ablative}.
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{Absolute curvature} (Geom.), that curvature of a curve of
double curvature, which is measured in the osculating
plane of the curve.
{Absolute equation} (Astron.), the sum of the optic and
eccentric equations.
{Absolute space} (Physics), space considered without relation
to material limits or objects.
{Absolute terms}. (Alg.), such as are known, or which do not
contain the unknown quantity. --Davies & Peck.
{Absolute temperature} (Physics), the temperature as measured
on a scale determined by certain general thermo-dynamic
principles, and reckoned from the absolute zero.
{Absolute zero} (Physics), the be ginning, or zero point, in
the scale of absolute temperature. It is equivalent to
-273[deg] centigrade or -459.4[deg] Fahrenheit.
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Syn: Positive; peremptory; certain; unconditional; unlimited;
unrestricted; unqualified; arbitrary; despotic;
autocratic.
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From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]:
absolute zero
n 1: (cryogenics) the lowest temperature theoretically
attainable (at which the kinetic energy of atoms and
molecules is minimal); 0 Kelvin or -273.15 centigrade or
-459.67 Fahrenheit
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