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From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:
Reduce \Re*duce"\ (r[-e]*d[=u]s"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Reduced}
(-d[=u]st"),; p. pr. & vb. n. {Reducing} (-d[=u]"s[i^]ng).]
[L. reducere, reductum; pref. red-. re-, re- + ducere to
lead. See {Duke}, and cf. {Redoubt}, n.]
1. To bring or lead back to any former place or condition.
[Obs.]
[1913 Webster]
And to his brother's house reduced his wife.
--Chapman.
[1913 Webster]
The sheep must of necessity be scattered, unless the
great Shephered of souls oppose, or some of his
delegates reduce and direct us. --Evelyn.
[1913 Webster]
2. To bring to any inferior state, with respect to rank,
size, quantity, quality, value, etc.; to diminish; to
lower; to degrade; to impair; as, to reduce a sergeant to
the ranks; to reduce a drawing; to reduce expenses; to
reduce the intensity of heat. "An ancient but reduced
family." --Sir W. Scott.
[1913 Webster]
Nothing so excellent but a man may fasten upon
something belonging to it, to reduce it.
--Tillotson.
[1913 Webster]
Having reduced
Their foe to misery beneath their fears. --Milton.
[1913 Webster]
Hester Prynne was shocked at the condition to which
she found the clergyman reduced. --Hawthorne.
[1913 Webster]
3. To bring to terms; to humble; to conquer; to subdue; to
capture; as, to reduce a province or a fort.
[1913 Webster]
4. To bring to a certain state or condition by grinding,
pounding, kneading, rubbing, etc.; as, to reduce a
substance to powder, or to a pasty mass; to reduce fruit,
wood, or paper rags, to pulp.
[1913 Webster]
It were but right
And equal to reduce me to my dust. --Milton.
[1913 Webster]
5. To bring into a certain order, arrangement,
classification, etc.; to bring under rules or within
certain limits of descriptions and terms adapted to use in
computation; as, to reduce animals or vegetables to a
class or classes; to reduce a series of observations in
astronomy; to reduce language to rules.
[1913 Webster]
6. (Arith.)
(a) To change, as numbers, from one denomination into
another without altering their value, or from one
denomination into others of the same value; as, to
reduce pounds, shillings, and pence to pence, or to
reduce pence to pounds; to reduce days and hours to
minutes, or minutes to days and hours.
(b) To change the form of a quantity or expression without
altering its value; as, to reduce fractions to their
lowest terms, to a common denominator, etc.
[1913 Webster]
7. (Chem.) To add an electron to an atom or ion.
Specifically: To remove oxygen from; to deoxidize.
(Metallurgy) To bring to the metallic state by separating
from combined oxygen and impurities; as, metals are
reduced from their ores. (Chem.) To combine with, or to
subject to the action of, hydrogen or any other reducing
agent; as, ferric iron is reduced to ferrous iron;
aldehydes can be reduced to alcohols by lithium hydride;
-- opposed to {oxidize}.
[1913 Webster +PJC]
8. (Med.) To restore to its proper place or condition, as a
displaced organ or part; as, to reduce a dislocation, a
fracture, or a hernia.
[1913 Webster]
{Reduced iron} (Chem.), metallic iron obtained through
deoxidation of an oxide of iron by exposure to a current
of hydrogen or other reducing agent. When hydrogen is used
the product is called also {iron by hydrogen}.
{To reduce an equation} (Alg.), to bring the unknown quantity
by itself on one side, and all the known quantities on the
other side, without destroying the equation.
{To reduce an expression} (Alg.), to obtain an equivalent
expression of simpler form.
{To reduce a square} (Mil.), to reform the line or column
from the square.
[1913 Webster]
Syn: To diminish; lessen; decrease; abate; shorten; curtail;
impair; lower; subject; subdue; subjugate; conquer.
[1913 Webster]
From WordNet (r) 2.0 (August 2003) [wn]:
reduce
v 1: cut down on; make a reduction in; "reduce your daily fat
intake"; "The employer wants to cut back health
benefits" [syn: {cut down}, {cut back}, {trim}, {trim
down}, {trim back}, {cut}, {bring down}]
2: make less complex; "reduce a problem to a single question"
3: bring to humbler or weaker state or condition; "He reduced
the population to slavery"
4: simplify the form of a mathematical equation of expression
by substituting one term for another
5: lower in grade or rank or force somebody into an undignified
situation; "She reduced her niece to a servant"
6: be the essential element; "The proposal boils down to a
compromise" [syn: {come down}, {boil down}]
7: reduce in size; reduce physically; "Hot water will shrink
the sweater"; "Can you shrink this image?" [syn: {shrink}]
8: lessen and make more modest; "reduce one's standard of
living"
9: make smaller; "reduce an image" [syn: {scale down}] [ant:
{blow up}]
10: to remove oxygen from a compound, or cause to react with
hydrogen or form a hydride, or to undergo an increase in
the number of electrons [syn: {deoxidize}, {deoxidise}]
[ant: {oxidize}]
11: narrow or limit; "reduce the influx of foreigners" [syn:
{tighten}]
12: put down by force or intimidation; "The government quashes
any attempt of an uprising"; "China keeps down her
dissidents very efficiently"; "The rich landowners
subjugated the peasants working the land" [syn:
{repress}, {quash}, {keep down}, {subdue}, {subjugate}]
13: undergo meiosis; "The cells reduce"
14: reposition (a broken bone after surgery) back to its normal
site
15: reduce in scope while retaining essential elements; "The
manuscript must be shortened" [syn: {abridge},
{foreshorten}, {abbreviate}, {shorten}, {cut},
{contract}] [ant: {elaborate}]
16: be cooked until very little liquid is left; "The sauce
should reduce to one cup" [syn: {boil down}, {decoct},
{concentrate}]
17: cook until very little liquid is left; "The cook reduced the
sauce by boiling it for a long time" [syn: {boil down},
{concentrate}]
18: lessen the strength or flavor of a solution or mixture; "cut
bourbon" [syn: {dilute}, {thin}, {thin out}, {cut}]
19: take off weight [syn: {melt off}, {lose weight}, {slim},
{slenderize}, {thin}, {slim down}] [ant: {gain}]
From English-French Freedict dictionary [fd-eng-fra]:
reduce [ridjuːs]
abaisser; réduire
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